A unique Indianapolis or "big village" of Indy that you want to live in. Indianapolis: "A gray and faceless city where it makes no sense to go" - Indianapolis - USA - Articles catalog - Travels with Oleg Baranovsky
Indianapolis (Indianapolis) - the capital of the state of Indiana (Indiana), the abbreviation "Indy" (Indy) is often used. According to 2013 estimates, 843,000 residents live in Indianapolis. It is the largest city in Indiana and one of the top 20 cities by population in the United States. In addition, Indianapolis is the third largest (after Chicago and Detroit) city in the Midwest and largest capital state east of the river Mississippi.
Greater Indianapolis is home to over 1.7 million people and is the 33rd largest metropolitan area in terms of population.
In 1898, the 87-meter Soldiers "and Sailors" Monument was erected in Indianapolis. According to city rules, no building should have been higher than this monument. The monument to soldiers and sailors is installed in the center of Monument Circle.
The city hall building, erected in 1962, was the first structure to exceed this height. Notable buildings built later include the One Indiana Square skyscraper (1982) and the most high building city Chase Tower (214 meters, built in 1990).
Indianapolis officially distinguishes 6 districts that are cultural attractions and centers of tourism attraction: Fountain Square, Massachusetts Avenue, Indiana Avenue, Canal and White River State Park, Broad Ripple Village, The Whole Sale District. By 2011, the city plans to complete the construction of the Cultural Trail, which will connect 5 main attractions of the city at once.
In Indianapolis, there is a colossal memorial dedicated to the American military who fought in wars. The War Memorial Plaza was originally planned as a memorial to Indiana soldiers who died in I-st world war. The construction of the war memorial was frozen during the Great Depression and was finally completed only in 1951. The prototype of The War Memorial was one of the wonders of the world - the Mausoleum of Mausolus (Mausoleum in Halicarnassus). The memorial has a height of 64 meters and is considered to be one third higher than the ancient wonder of the world.
There are about 200 municipal parks in Indianapolis, the largest of which is Eagle Creek Park. To the west of downtown in the territory of White River State Park is the Indianapolis Zoo. Indianapolis is the largest city in the United States without a subway system.
Every year, Indianapolis hosts one of the most famous motorsport events in the world. The Indy 500 is a legendary car race and the largest one-day sporting event in the world. The track is often referred to as the "brick road" due to the fact that after construction in 1909 it was paved with 3.2 million bricks. Currently, the surface is made of asphalt, although in order to preserve tradition, 1 yard of the starting line is made of bricks. The famous race takes place on the oval track The Indianapolis Motor Speedway, which can accommodate 257,000 spectators.
Indianapolis Photos
USS Indianapolis (CA-35)
Historical data
Total information
EU
real
dock
Booking
Armament
Air group (after modernization)
- 2 seaplanes OS2U kingfisher.
Artillery of the main caliber
- 3×3 - 203mm Mark 9 guns.
Flak
- 8 × 1 - 127 mm guns;
- 8×1 - 12.7mm M2 Browning.
Ships of the same type
USS Indianapolis (CA-35)(rus. "Indianapolis") - a ship of a series of heavy cruisers of the type Portland, the second in a series. Named after the American city of Indianapolis, the capital of the state of Indiana. Took part in World War II. Killed by torpedoing by a Japanese submarine in 1945. The ship received 10 battle stars for service during the war.
General information
heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis was the flagship of United States Navy Admiral Raymond Spruance, who commanded the 5th Fleet in combat in the Central Pacific during World War II. The sinking of the ship in 1945 resulted in the largest single loss of personnel in the history of the US Navy. On July 30, 1945, after delivering parts to create the first atomic bomb to the Tinian Air Force Base, the cruiser was torpedoed by the Japanese submarine I-58, and sank completely after 12 minutes. Of the 1,196 crew members on board, about 300 sank along with the ship.
The 900 people who survived, who ended up in sea water, were left virtually without water, food, and underwent debilitating starvation, dehydration, salt water poisoning, having only a few swimming facilities at their disposal. And only 4 days later the crew of the PV-1 patrol aircraft Ventura during a duty flight around the water area, the crew of the USS was noticed in the water Indianapolis. Only 317 survived.
History of creation
USS Indianapolis was the second and last ship in a series of heavy cruisers of the type Portland. It was the third type of US Navy heavy cruiser designed under the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922. They were preceded by two cruisers of the type Pensacola, which were ordered in 1926, and six cruisers of the Northampton ordered in 1927. Ordered for the US Navy in 1930, the cruiser Indianapolis designed as a lightweight, with the designation CL-35. But on July 1, 1931, in accordance with the London Naval Agreement, it was reclassified to heavy with a change in number to SA-35.
Design
The entire series of 8 ships was designed as light cruisers as a development of cruisers of the type Northampton. But only two ships were completed (USS Portland and USS Indianapolis). The remaining six, together with the developments received during construction, were completed as a new type of cruisers - New Orleans.
Construction and testing
Five ships were ordered in 1930 and their construction was entrusted to three shipbuilding companies. In 1931 cruisers with indices CA-32, CA-34, And CA-36 companies were ordered Westinghouse Machinery and during the construction process were reclassified to type New Orleans. USS Portland was pledged by the company Bethlehem Steel February 17, 1930, and USS Indianapolis company New York Shipbuilding Corporation March 31, 1930. Moreover, being laid down second in the series, USS Indianapolis was launched earlier than the lead ship of the series - November 7, 1931 against May 21, 1932 at USS Portland. Entered service November 15, 1932.
Description of the design and armament
Scheme of the heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis (CA-35)
Detailed information about the design, armor and armament of the cruisers can be found in the article on Portland-class heavy cruisers.
Power plant and driving performance
The ship had 4 propeller shafts, which were rotated by four Parsons turbines, with 8 boilers manufactured by the company "Yarrow". The designed capacity of the power plant is 107,000 hp. was supposed to provide a ship speed of 32 knots (59 km / h). The cruising range of the ship was 10,000 nautical miles (19,000 thousand km) at a speed of 15 knots (28 km/h). The ship had poor handling until a keel under the bottom was later installed.
The capacity of the fuel tanks was 2,125 (1,928 metric) tons. The range of the ship at a speed of 15 knots was 8640 nautical miles, at a speed of 25 knots - 4500 nautical miles. On trials in 1932, the cruiser USS Indianapolis showed a speed of 32.65 knots with a displacement of 11,092 tons and a power of 108,317 hp.
Armament
Auxiliary/anti-aircraft artillery
According to the project, the anti-aircraft armament of the ship consisted of
Communications, detection, auxiliary equipment
On ships of this type there were two catapults for 4 seaplanes, 2 of which were stored on the open-air hangar deck. But on a cruiser USS Indianapolis 5 aircraft were based, the fifth was the aircraft of the flagship of the cruiser forces. In the early 30s, hydroplanes of the type Vought O2U/O3U Corsair, during the war years - Curtiss S.O.C. Seagull, Vought OS2U Kingfisher, Curtiss S.C. Seahawk.
The ship featured the Mk.27 fire control system, which was based on two small cylindrical directors with 12.7 mm anti-fragmentation armor, instead of the large glazed areas of previous cruisers. Mk.19 posts have been preserved to control anti-aircraft fire.
Modernizations and conversions
After the US entered World War II, the cruiser received six quadruple 28-mm automatic guns. Already in 1945, the ship received 24 40-mm Bofors in the form of six quadruple turrets, as well as 4 twin 40-mm Bofors, and 16 single 20-mm Oerlikons as anti-aircraft weapons.
At the beginning of 1942, the Mk.19 anti-aircraft artillery control posts were replaced with a modification Mark 33. And on USS Indianapolis they were placed on the bow and stern superstructures, while on USS Portland they were placed on the wings of the nasal bridge. At the same time, radars were installed SC, F.C. Mk.3 And FD Mk.4.
In 1943, the ship underwent modernization, during which the design of the bridge was simplified, and the mainmast was replaced with a lighter lattice one, installed in front of the second chimney. Radar systems SK and SG were installed.
During the Second World War, the 203-mm guns of the main caliber of the ship modification Mark 9 have been replaced by modifications Mark 14, which differed from their predecessors in chrome holes for guns and a reduced size of the gun turret itself.
Service History
Interwar period
Aerial view of the Intelligence Unit in the Panama Canal Zone. The fleet consists of destroyers, light cruisers and the flagship USS Indianapolis (CA-35) (in the picture it is in the center group on the far right). April 23, 1934
During the command of First Captain John M. Smely, the cruiser USS Indianapolis made an impromptu cruise across the Atlantic to Guantanamo Bay, where he arrived on February 23, 1932. After that, the ship proceeded through the Panama Canal to conduct exercises near the Chilean coast. After an overhaul at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, the ship departed for Maine to transport President Franklin D. Roosevelt to Campobello Island in New Brunswick, where she arrived on July 1, 1933. Having departed the same day USS Indianapolis July 3 arrived in Annapolis, Maryland. During their stay in Annapolis, 6 members of the government lived on the ship along with President Roosevelt. After the President disembarked, the ship departed Annapolis on July 4 for the Philadelphia Shipyard.
September 6 cruiser USS Indianapolis picked up US Secretary General of the Navy Claude A. Swenson on board to inspect the fleet in the Pacific. The ship visited the Panama Zone, Hawaii, as well as San Pedro and San Diego. The Chief Secretary left the ship on 27 October.
November 1, 1933 cruiser USS Indianapolis received the status of the flagship of the Intelligence Force 1, and made active patrols near California. On April 9, 1934, the ship departed Long Beach, California for New York City, where it arrived to receive President Roosevelt a second time to inspect the fleet. The ship returned to Long Beach on November 9, 1934, where she continued training with the 1st Reconnaissance Force as the flagship of the fleet until 1941. On November 18, 1936, the ship picked up Roosevelt for the third time in Charleston, South Carolina, and cruised with him to South America. The ship visited Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, Buenos Aires in Argentina and Montevideo in Uruguay on Presidential State Affairs. On December 15, the cruiser returned to Charleston and put the President's team ashore.
World War II period
December 7, 1941 heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis bombarded Johnston Atoll during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The ship later joined Task Force 12 to search for the Japanese Navy carrier group responsible for the attack on Pearl Harbor. But she could not be found. On December 13, the ship returned to Pearl Harbor and became part of Task Force 11.
New Guinea campaign
As part of Task Force 11, the ship traveled to the South Pacific Ocean, to a position 560 km from Rabaul, New Britain Islands, as an escort for an aircraft carrier USS Lexington. On February 20, 1942, in the afternoon, American ships were attacked by 18 Japanese aircraft. 16 of them were shot down by an air group from USS Lexington, the remaining two were shot down by air defense systems of the formation.
March 10 Operational Force 11 reinforced by a formation led by an aircraft carrier USS Yorktown, attacked Lae and Salamaua in New Guinea, where large Japanese forces were stationed. Attacking from the south, from the Stanley Range, air force The US took the Japanese fleet by surprise and inflicted devastating losses on the enemy, heavily damaging warships and transport ships, losing only a few aircraft. USS Indianapolis returned to Mayre Island for refitting before escorting a convoy to Australia.
Aleutian campaign
Shortly thereafter, the cruiser sailed north to support American forces in the Battle of the Aleutian Islands. August 7 USS Indianapolis as part of Operational Force 11, attacked the island of Kiska with Japanese structures located on it. Since the fog obstructed the normal view, USS Indianapolis together with other ships carried out a massive shelling of the bay. Later, fleet scouts reported sunken Japanese ships in the bay and damaged coastal structures. After 15 minutes, the Japanese coastal guns returned fire, but the guns of the main caliber of the ship were soon destroyed. Japanese submarines, which at that time were approaching the fleet, were attacked by depth charges from destroyers and were forced to withdraw. Japanese dive bombers also made an extremely unsuccessful attack. Despite the lack of intelligence on Japanese forces, the operation proved to be very successful.
USS Indianapolis during World War II. Location unknown.
Later, Allied forces occupied Adak Island, thereby securing the deployment of a naval base at Dutch Bay, Unalaska Island. In January 1943, the USS Indianapolis supported the landing and capture of Amchitka, part of the Aleutian Islands.
February 19 at the head of two destroyers USS Indianapolis patrolled the southwestern part of the island of Attu, looking for Japanese ships that supplied the islands of Kiska and Attu. Soon the Japanese transport ship "Akagane Maru" was intercepted. The transport tried to radio about the American attack, but was fired upon by the cruiser. It soon exploded and was sunk with all cargo and crew.
In the middle of 1943 the cruiser USS Indianapolis continued escorting American convoys near the Aleutian Islands. He also took part in the shelling of priority coastal targets. In May, Allied forces captured Attu Island, after which they advanced to Kiska Island, the last Japanese outpost in the Aleutian Islands. On August 15, the landing on the last island began, but as it turned out, the Japanese had already left the Aleutian Islands completely.
Actions in 1943
After refitting at the Isle of Mayr, USS Indianapolis went to Hawaii as the flagship of Vice Admiral Raymond A. Spruance, in command of the 5th Fleet. On November 10, the ship departed Pearl Harbor as part of the main strike force of the Southern Attack Force to participate in the invasion of the Gilbert Islands. On November 19, the ship fired on Tarawa Atoll and the next day on Makin Island. After that, the ship returned to Tarawa as a fire cover for the landing, where it stayed for three days, until the landing completely secured the captured island. The capture of the Marshall Islands resulted in the final Allied victory in the capture of the Gilbert Islands. USS Indianapolis continued to serve as the flagship of the 5th Fleet.
Actions in 1944
January 31, 1944 USS Indianapolis as part of his task force, he went to the Kwazhelein atoll for its subsequent bombardment. During the shelling, the cruiser neutralized two enemy coastal batteries. The next day, the ship destroyed the checkpoint and other Japanese buildings, and also supported the landing with a powerful barrage of its guns. On February 4, the ship entered Kvazhelein Bay and stayed there until the enemy resistance forces were completely destroyed.
USS Indianapolis at the docks at the Mare Island shipyard. November 26, 1944. View of the port side of the front of the ship
March and April USS Indianapolis still in the role of flagship of the 5th Fleet, made an attack on the western part of the Caroline Islands. On March 30-31, carrier formations sank 3 enemy destroyers, 17 transport ships, 5 tankers near the island of Palau and damaged 17 other ships. The airfields were bombed and surrounded by water mines. The islands of Yap and Uliti were attacked on 31 March and the island of Woleai on 1 April. Japanese planes attempted to attack but were forced to retreat without damaging the American ships. USS Indianapolis shot down his second aircraft, a Japanese torpedo bomber. In total, the enemy lost 160 aircraft, including 46 at the airfield. These attacks prevented support from Japanese forces from the Caroline Islands during the Allied amphibious landings in New Guinea.
Throughout June, the 5th Fleet attacked the Marianas. On June 11, attacks began on the island of Saipan by aircraft carrier formations. After that, on June 13, coastal shelling from ships began, where a heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis played the main role. On June 15, the day of the landing, Admiral Spruance learned that the battleships, aircraft carriers, cruisers and destroyers of the enemy were heading south to liberate their garrisons in the Marianas. Since such an ambitious operation had to be defended at all costs, Admiral Spruance could not move far from his position. As a result, he sent a fast formation of aircraft carriers to intercept incoming Japanese naval formations. While other Allied factions attacked airbases on Iwo Jima and Chichizima.
On July 19, the American fleet engaged the Japanese forces in the Philippine Sea. Air groups from Japanese aircraft carriers, which hoped to use the airfields in Guam and Tinian for refueling and replenishment of ammunition, were met by aircraft of the Allied aircraft carrier formations and air defense systems of their covering ships. On that day, according to Navy reports, 426 enemy aircraft were destroyed, while only 29 were lost. USS Indianapolis one torpedo bomber was shot down. This day of aerial combat soon became known as the Marianas Turkey Shoot. Since the air resistance of the enemy was broken, the air groups of the allied aircraft carriers sank the Japanese aircraft carrier IJN Hiyō(Jap. 飛鷹 - "Flying Hawk"), two destroyers, one tanker and damaged others. Two other enemy aircraft carriers IJN Taihō And IJN Shōkaku were sunk by submarines.
June 23 USS Indianapolis returned to Saipan to restore fire support, and six days later went to the island of Tinian to shell coastal buildings. Meanwhile, Guam was taken, and USS Indianapolis was the first ship to enter Apra harbor since the war. The ship continued to operate in the Marianas for the next few weeks. Then he went to the Western Caroline Islands, where a landing was soon planned. From September 12 to 29, the ship fired on the island of Peleliu from the Palau group of islands to prepare for the landing. After that, the cruiser departed for Manus Island from the Admiralty Islands, where she operated for 10 days before returning to the naval shipyard of Mayr Island.
Actions in 1945
February 14, 1945 after a major overhaul, heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis joined Vice Admiral Mark A. Mitcher's Fast Carrier Task Force. Two days later, the Vice Admiral's group attacked Tokyo, providing fire cover for the landing on Iwo Jima, which was planned on February 19. This was the first attack by a carrier force since the Doolittle Raid. The purpose of the assignment was to destroy the Japanese production facilities for the manufacture of aircraft and other structures in the homeland of the Japanese. The fleet achieved a tactical surprise attack on the Japanese coast under the cover of bad weather. The attacks continued for 2 days. The Allied forces lost 49 aircraft while the Japanese suffered a massive loss of 499 aircraft. Also, Vice Admiral Mark A. Mitcher's Task Force sank an aircraft carrier, 9 Coast Guard vessels, 2 escort destroyers, and a transport ship. Was destroyed a large number of ground structures, both industrial and civil.
USS Indianapolis under fire near Saipan. June 1944
Immediately after the attack, the formation went to Bonin Island to support the landing on Iwo Jima, where the ship stayed until March 1, carrying out coastal shelling and providing landing fire with cover. 25 February USS Indianapolis returned to Vice Admiral Mitcher's formation for a second attack on Tokyo and Hachiyo from the south coast of Honshu Island the next day. Weather were very bad, and the American forces destroyed 158 enemy aircraft and sank 5 small ships during the shelling of coastal buildings, and also destroyed several trains.
The next target for the US Navy was Okinawa, which was within reach from the airfields of the main Japanese islands. The Fast Task Force was tasked with attacking enemy airfields in southern Japan to prevent the Japanese command from providing effective resistance during the Allied invasion. On March 14, the formation arrived on the coast of Japan from Ulithi. March 18 from a distance of 160 km southwest of Kyushu. The purpose of the attack was to destroy the airfields on the island of Kyushu, the ships of the Japanese imperial fleet in the harbors of the islands of Kobe and Kure. The Japanese located the American forces on 21 March and sent 48 aircraft to intercept them. But all the Japanese planes were shot down by 24 fighters from the aircraft carrier group.
On March 24, the preliminary shelling of Okinawa began before the landing. USS Indianapolis spent seven days bombarding the coastal defenses with his 200 mm main caliber projectiles. During this time, Japanese aircraft periodically attacked American ships. In total, 6 pieces were shot down by the cruiser and 2 more were damaged. On March 31, patrol ships USS Indianapolis noticed a Japanese aircraft that was flying from the side of the rising sun and immediately aimed at the command bridge in a vertical dive. 20-mm anti-aircraft installations could not stop the enemy aircraft and after 15 seconds it was already above the ship. Although anti-aircraft fire went through it, forcing it to turn anyway, the bomber pilot managed to turn the plane around to successfully drop a bomb on the ship from a height of 7.6 meters. Then he fell into the water near the stern of the ship. The dropped bomb pierced the deck, flew through the crew's prayer hall, then passed through the berthing compartment, then through the fuel compartments, and before exploding in the water under the bottom of the ship, also passed through the keel of the ship. As a result of the explosion, the ship received two gaping holes in the keel, through which neighboring compartments were flooded, and as a result, 9 crew members died. Ship bulkheads prevented subsequent flooding of neighboring compartments. Barely manageable USS Indianapolis headed to the port, radioing the repair ship along the way to provide emergency repairs. As the inspection showed, the propeller shafts were damaged on the ship, the fuel compartment was torn, and the water treatment equipment was also disabled. But still, USS Indianapolis made a long flight Pacific Ocean to Mayr Island on their own.
Doom
Commemorative memorial to the cruiser USS Indianapolis (CA-35) in Indianapolis, Indiana
After overhaul USS Indianapolis received orders to proceed to the island of Tinian. On board, the ship was carrying parts, as well as enriched uranium (only about half of the world's uranium-235 reserves at a time) for the atomic bomb "Kid" (Eng. little boy), which was later dropped on Hiroshima. On July 16, 1945, the cruiser departed San Francisco for Pearl Harbor, where she arrived on July 19. After that, the ship single-handedly delivered parts of the atomic bomb to Tinian Island on July 26. After USS Indianapolis was sent to Guam, where part of the crew had to finish their service on the ship, and at the same time replenish the crew with new sailors. On July 28, the cruiser departed Guam for Leyte Gulf, where the crew was to be trained before continuing on to Okinawa to join Vice Admiral Jesse B. Ohlendorf's Task Force 95. July 30 at 00.14 hours the ship was torpedoed to starboard near the bow by two torpedoes Type 95 of 6 issued by a Japanese submarine I-58 under the command of Mohitsuro Hashimoto. The explosions caused enormous damage to the ship. Soon the bow of the ship went under water, and after 12 minutes the ship completely sank along with 300 crew members out of a total of 1196 people. The rest of the crew remained in the water with only a few lifeboats, and many of which did not even have life jackets.
The naval command had no idea that the ship had sunk until three and a half days later, the surviving crew members were discovered. USS Indianapolis. August 2 at 10.25 aircraft pilots PV-1 Ventura Lieutenant Wilbur Gwynn and Lieutenant Warren Colewell spotted people drifting while on patrol. Of the 880 people who survived after the sinking of the ship, only 321 people were raised alive from the water, but soon 4 of them died. For all the time spent in the water, the survivors faced dehydration, hypothermia, lack of food, shark attacks and severe hallucinations. Some succumbed to suicide.
Before flooding USS Indianapolis sent distress signals, which were received at three stations. None of them reacted to the message: the commander of the first was drunk, the commander of the second ordered his subordinates not to disturb him, and the commander of the third decided that this was a deception of the Japanese. At a Senate hearing in 1999, the ship's radio operator confirmed that the signal had been transmitted minutes before the sinking. Also, shortly after the incident, naval intelligence intercepted a message about a ship sunk in the route area. USS Indianapolis cruiser, transferred from I-58 to headquarters. It was also ignored.
heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis was the last major US Navy ship to be sunk in World War II.
commanders
Below is a table with a list of heavy cruiser commanders " USS Indianapolis throughout its existence.
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The last commander of the ship
Last Captain of the USS Indianapolis (CA-35) Charles Butler McVay III
Captain Charles B. McVeigh III, who had commanded the ship since November 1944, was one of the survivors of the ship's sinking. In November 1945, he was prosecuted by a military tribunal for the sinking of the ship. He was accused of "endangering the ship by failing to perform anti-torpedo maneuvers". On the other hand, there were facts that the command itself put the ship in a dangerous position.
Later, the captain of the attacking Japanese submarine I-58, testified that even the execution of anti-torpedo maneuvers by the ship would not bring any result, and the ship would still be torpedoed.
In time, Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz overturned McVeigh's sentence and reinstated him. McVay retired in 1949 with the rank of rear admiral. Many ship survivors USS Indianapolis claimed that there was no fault of Captain Charles McVay in the death of the ship, at the same time, some members of the families of the victims thought quite the opposite. The guilt placed on the captain's shoulders led him to commit suicide in 1968 using his revolver. At that time he was 70 years old. On the day of the death of the ship, he just turned 47 years old.
In October 2000, the US Congress approved a resolution that Captain McVay's personal file should record that he was exonerated on charges of sinking the cruiser. USS Indianapolis signed by US President Bill Clinton. The resolution also said that despite the multiple loss of ships by the US Navy during World War II, only Captain Charles B. McVay III was charged by a military tribunal with the loss of his ship. In July 2001, the Chief Secretary of the United States Navy ordered that Captain McVeigh's file be cleared of any record of his death. USS Indianapolis.
TRAVEL NOTES
INDIANAPOLIS
01. Indianapolis (Indianapolis) - a city in the Midwest of the United States, the capital of the state of Indiana. Indianapolis was founded in 1819. The population of the city is 820 thousand people (13th place in the USA), and about 2 million people live within the agglomeration. According to Forbes magazine, downtown Indianapolis is one of the best in the United States. Let's go check!
02. Of all the state capitals, Indianapolis is the closest to the geographic center of its state. And all the main attractions of the city are close to the center of Indianapolis. The central part of the city can be calculated without much difficulty - this is the round square Monument Circle with a huge monument in its very center. From above, this place probably looks like a target.
03. The Monument to Soldiers and Sailors (Soldiers and Sailors Monument) is perfectly visible from many sides of the city, all the central streets abut right against it. The memorial is dedicated to the memory of veterans who participated in the Anglo-American, Mexican-American, Spanish-American and Civil Wars.
04. The monument was built between 1889 and 1902. The height of the structure is 86.72 m, which is only 4.6 meters lower than the Statue of Liberty in New York. The stele is crowned with the figure of the statue of Victory. At the top of the monument is Observation deck which can be reached by lift or stairs. The museum is located under the monument. civil war. Until 1962, the monument was the tallest building in the city.
05. The space of the square itself is very spacious and beautiful. Along the perimeter there are many cozy cafes, shops, hotels and office centers, and even a radio studio. In the background is the fourth tallest building in Indianapolis - Market Tower, 128 meters high. The skyscraper was built in 1988.
06. Around the monument there are many green trees, beautiful flower beds and places where you can comfortably sit and enjoy a cup of coffee under the soothing sound of a fountain waterfall. Many sit right on the steps in front of the monument.
07. The lower part of the monument is decorated with bronze and limestone bas-reliefs on military subjects. Each figure is worked out to the smallest detail and in general the whole building makes a strong impression, and the free spaces of the square around add scale.
08. The Soldiers and Sailors Monument is the most recognizable symbol of Indianapolis. The monument is a meeting place for city residents and a venue for various events and festivals. According to an annual tradition since 1962, the memorial is decorated in the style of a huge Christmas tree for Christmas.
09. Almost on the next street, the Indiana State Capitol. The building is important not only for the city, but for the entire state. The state government has been located here since 1888. Their hard work is not in the least hindered by constant excursions - last year the Capitol was visited by more than 50,000 tourists.
10. It seems that the Americans are most successful in the construction of skyscrapers and capitols. Moreover, they build the latter with special sophistication and diligence. In many American cities there are beautiful and stately capitols, they embody all the greatness of the nation, the whole American spirit of freedom and independence. It may seem that they are similar to each other, but, looking closely, you understand that each of them has its own character.
11. Around the building there are a lot of green trees and a cool evergreen lawn. It is very cool when the places where the authorities are located do not repel, but, on the contrary, attract both local residents and visiting tourists.
12. "Branded" time-worn green color of the domes and waving flags. With a spire, the height of the building is 78 meters. At the time of its completion, the building was the second tallest in the state.
13. At the very top of the Capitol, there are figures of Indians of local tribes who could not withstand the pressure of modern civilization, but immortalized their name in the name of the state and city.
14. A monument to George Washington is erected from the side of Washington Street. It symbolizes the role of Masonic lodges in Indiana history. Along the perimeter of the Capitol, you can find about a dozen different sculptures and monuments, the plots of which are directly related to the past and present of the city and state.
15. View of the Capitol from the other side. In such a picturesque place, probably, the right laws are adopted.
16. The federal courthouse was built in 1905. From the outside it looks quite peaceful. Another example of the fact that the external architecture absolutely does not have to reflect the essence of what is happening inside. Or maybe it is the most humane court in the world?
17. Indianapolis is an amazingly beautiful and unusual city in terms of architecture. Here, above the roads at a height of 5 meters, a hanging garden of arts appeared in the truest sense of the word. This is not only a pedestrian crossing between neighboring buildings, but also a place for an exhibition of works by artists and musicians. Glass gives airiness and openness to the room, which definitely contributes to the “absorption” of art. Definitely one of the most original solutions of art galleries.
18. Abraham Lincoln meets us at the entrance to University Park. He has been sitting here since 1934. University Park is just the beginning of a long and beautiful park alley that runs from the city center. In general, Indianapolis is ideal for hiking. The city center is very well thought out, when visiting the main attractions on the way there is a minimum amount highways and plenty of space for pedestrians.
19. View of the skyscrapers of Indianapolis. It is very pleasant that urban space designers do not neglect the park areas in the city center and do not build up every free piece of land with taller buildings. This feature makes it possible to look at the skyscrapers from the side, and walking around the park is always a pleasure.
20. The building of the World War Memorial rises in the central part of the park. The architectural style of downtown Indianapolis is very much reminiscent of Washington - memorials, statues and monuments, the Capitol and buildings with elements of Greek policies. This is not an accident. Alexander Ralston, the architect who was put in charge of the city's construction, also helped develop Washington's building plan.
21. Bronze sculpture at the entrance to the memorial.
22. The beautiful Depew Memorial Fountain is still in the same park. It was designed in 1919, but the bronze figures of playing children look very lively.
23. This fountain was created by Alexander Calder, who also designed the City Hall in Philadelphia with a statue of William Penn on top.
24. Scottish Rite Cathedral Masonic Temple. The building was designed in such a way that the size of each side in feet is divisible by 3 without a remainder, thus symbolizing the 3 degrees of Freemasonry. The entrance room is a cube with sides of 33 feet. The area of many interior spaces is also a multiple of 33.
25. 30-meter obelisk. Again, a striking resemblance to Washington. But this only emphasizes the good taste of the city's architects.
26. From any part of the park there are excellent views of the downtown. The neighborhood of green trees and monolithic skyscrapers creates a pleasant picture.
27. You can walk on lawns! Here they are created especially for people. They are not surrounded by fences, they walk on them and have picnics on them.
28. At the end of the park, the American flag flutters triumphantly, surrounded by four hawks. The love of Americans for their flag is worthy of respect. Flags are put up in almost all public places, huge flags are stretched out inside state institutions, many residents have flags hung on their houses and in the windows of apartments. And during national holidays the whole human mass is full of stripes and stars. Americans are truly proud of their country and show it every day.
29. Immediately behind the park is the Indianapolis Central Library building. If you absolutely cannot stand boring libraries where everyone sits with languid faces, afraid to make an extra rustle, where prison guard-like librarians stop any attempts at fun, then you definitely need to look into this library.
30. I never could even imagine that the library can be so cool, interesting, informative and fun. The Indianapolis Central Library will dispel absolutely all library stereotypes and leave no one indifferent. Hike here was one of the most vivid impressions of the city. See what a huge spacious space, illuminated by sunlight, opens up when you get inside.
31. Comfortable sofas for waiting, an information desk with interesting booklets, groups of schoolchildren and students, free admission and access to all books and materials, no library cards! Five floors of engaging information and an interactive, modern approach to learning and delivering information.
32. In the adjacent wing of the Central Library there is a section for those who like the more familiar image of the library. No high tech. You are alone with the book without any intermediaries.
33. It feels like you are in the library of one of the British castles, surrounded by ancient manuscripts and rare specimens books. Oak tables and bookcases crammed with books, hanging chandeliers from the carved ceiling and huge windows - you experience a special aristocratic pleasure from contemplating all this.
34. Not a library, but almost a museum.
35. It's time to move into the world of modern nano-libraries! Here you can explore floor after floor as much as you like, and no one will reproach you for not reading books, but wandering around with a camera. The zoning of space is ideally planned in the Central Library. Despite the fact that more than 5 million people visit the library every year, there are always free places and the opportunity to easily find the necessary material.
36. I wonder if anyone has done a study on how much more effective the process of gaining knowledge in such comfortable lounge chairs. The whole thing is like a literary resort.
37. Huge library spaces. On this square, you can find more than a dozen options for accommodating visitors, based on the number of people and tasks.
38. A convenient way to protect yourself from the outside world for focused collaboration on a project. The most scientific way to get close to the girl or guy you like while in college.
39. Need active brainstorming for a challenging problem? Everyone at the round table! There are several such areas in the library. Each of them is surrounded by shelves with books on certain topics. Very convenient - all the knowledge and experience of generations at arm's length.
40. Here it is possible to arrange a video presentation and consolidate the acquired knowledge with interesting literature.
41. Is the book you need only on the server of the Central Library of London? It's OK! A personal laptop with Internet access will help you conquer the most remote corners of the library universe. May the books be with you!
42. Who would have thought that you can take your children with you to the library? They have a large play area. While adults are writing dissertations, children are learning the basics of letter mixing - knowledge should be equally accessible to everyone.
44. Dozens, hundreds, thousands, millions of books. The record turnover of books was recorded in 2006 - almost 14 million books.
45. Each book is wrapped in a transparent cover - a simple and obvious way to prolong their life at times.
46. The library helps to understand many life situations and find answers to all questions. If strange people come up to you and speak in an incomprehensible language, a large selection of dictionaries will help you find a common language with them.
47. Indianapolis Central Library has its own cinema. The library turned out to be incredibly cool and focused on absolutely all residents of the city. This organization of the library allows you to return interest in printed books, and the division of the internal space into different zones turns learning into an interactive process. In Indianapolis, if a teenager comes home early in the morning and says that he stayed in the library, he will be readily believed.
48. Indianapolis has another trump card up its sleeve - the Indiana Central Canal - an incredible pedestrian promenade along the canal. From here one of the best views of the downtown of the city opens. Locals and tourists walk here, athletes go jogging and ride bicycles, families relax with their children - no one can resist the enchanting charm of the canals.
49. It's hard to imagine that this place is only ten minutes walk from the city center. Around are small houses, green meadows - no hint of a big metropolis in the neighborhood.
50. Everything around causes peace, all worries dissolve in a wonderful mood and all that remains is to enjoy a great summer day.
51. Someone has a great location at home - you can go out on the balcony in the morning with a cup of delicious coffee and enjoy the beautiful view. Then five minutes by bike to the office in the center. But the guy from the first floor was less fortunate - there is no balcony, and besides, all passers-by strive to look into the windows.
52. There is a lot of greenery around. You can imagine that this is an ordinary street - houses, sidewalks, trees, and instead of asphalt - the surface of the water. It is impossible to stop admiring the correct urban planning - the city center has been completely given over to local residents and tourists, and not for expensive shops and elite residential complexes.
53. There are small cafes along the canal.
54. Almost all fountains and reservoirs are designed in such a way that the water is almost on the same level as the sidewalk. It looks very nice and unites the whole space, and most importantly does not create a pit effect.
55. Ducks completely occupied part of the embankment.
56. For $30, you can rent a catamaran for an hour and ride through the canals, looking at everything from the other side. The rental also offers kayaks, gondolas with a gondolier and promises a great pastime.
57. The central channel makes it possible to take a break from the city without leaving it. Highways are located to the side and the bustle of the city will not be able to break through here. It remains only to relax and enjoy.
58. The new skyscraper of the JW Marriott Hotel blends beautifully with the old buildings.
59. The Indiana Repertory Theater building looks very theatrical.
60. Residential buildings stand in orderly rows. Probably a cool view through these panoramic windows.
61. Indianapolis turned out to be amazing and very beautiful city. Unfortunately, we managed to see only its central part, and there is still a lot of unknown left outside the downtown. The space of the city is incredibly cozy, thoughtful and convenient for walking and relaxing. Large green areas, long canals and tens of kilometers of pedestrian streets make Indianapolis very spacious, and a harmonious blend architectural styles downtown gives the city its own unique style.
62. For fans of fast racing cars, Indianapolis is not an empty word. Near the city is one of the most famous and the second oldest operating autodrome in the world - Indianapolis Motor Speedway. The autodrome has been operating since 1909.
63. The track has hosted the Indianapolis 500 Mile Race every year since 1911. different years included in the offset of various championships. The road version of the circuit in Indianapolis hosted the US Formula One Grand Prix from 2000 to 2007.
64. The circuit has a museum and hall of fame, which contains all the winning cars of the Indianapolis 500, which has been held since 1911. The Indianapolis 500 is the world's oldest regular auto race, considered one of the three most prestigious in the world, along with the Monaco Grand Prix and the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Pictured is the 1965 Indy 500 winner Lotus Ford.
65. Ready! Attention! Go!
66. The museum exhibits cars that are over 100 years old. Moving from car to car, it's like moving through the history of the American automotive industry, step by step following the development of racing cars, the modernization of designs.
67. These are already modern races.
68. Unrealistically cool cars. There are few places where you can see such a collection!
69. At the junction of racing generations.
70. Full hall of rarities. It takes a strong person to voluntarily leave here.
71. Kurtis FD / Novi SC - 3rd in the 1948 Indianapolis 500.
72. 1937 Delahaye Type 145 V-12 Grand Prix.
73. 1966 Ford GT MARK II.
74. 1957 "SS" Corvette.
75. Spirit of America - Sonic 1. This car looks like a spaceship, and it has the speed to match. In 1965, this starship set a speed record of 600.601 miles per hour (966.574 kilometers per hour).
76. 1976 Candies & Hughes Top Fuel Dragster.
77. 1992 Pontiac Grand Prix NASCAR and Danica Patric's "Rookie" Car.
78. The stands are still empty, but will open soon new season Indy 500 (starts every last Sunday in May) and again the stands will burst into enthusiastic shouts, and the roar of engines will mark the continuation of the development of racing cars, and autopilots will continue to write their names in the history of the legendary Indianapolis Motor Speedway.
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Indianapolis is the capital of the state of Indiana and the second largest city in the American Midwest, ranked 14th in the United States. 0.9 million people live in Indianapolis, 2.3 million in the agglomeration. Indianapolis is a beautiful and modern city, somewhat reminiscent of Canadian cities, the main attraction is the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.
Natural and climatic conditions, weather Indianapolis
Indianapolis has a humid continental climate, the average temperature during the summer months is about 24 degrees, during the day it can reach up to 30 degrees, in winter the temperature is often around 0 degrees, rains are likely in spring and summer.
Advantages and disadvantages, advantages, pros and cons of living in Indianapolis, reviews. How people live in Indianapolis
Indianapolis is the most atheistic city in the US, according to the latest census 57.6% declared no religion, 15.9% Evangelical Protestant, 11.1% Catholic, 9.8% Protestant, 3.5% Black Protestant, 0. 2% Orthodox. Indianapolis can be called the racing capital of the United States, here are the legendary race tracks.
IN last years Indianapolis ranks first in ratings that are devoted to the problems of resettlement of retirees, the opportunity to start a new business, buy real estate, get a job, make investments, while Indianapolis is often called the most underestimated city in the United States. In other words, pensioners live here best, those who want to buy their own housing with the money they earn, as well as open their own business or find a job.
Close to the city is Eagle Creek Park, which is the largest municipal park in the state and one of the largest urban parks in the United States. In general, Indianapolis boasts stunning architecture in its beauty, where historical and modern styles are intertwined.
Where is it better to live in Indianapolis, rent an apartment, areas
The best areas are downtown and suburbs, however, there are no particularly bad quarters.
Salaries, income and work Indianapolis. Average and minimum salary
The median income for a household in the city of Indianapolis was $42,704, and the median income for a family was $53,161. The median income for full-time men was 42,101, compared to 34,788 for women. The per capita income for Indianapolis is 24430.
14.7 percent of families and 18.9 percent of the city's total population are below the poverty line.
The minimum wage is $7.25 an hour, one of the lowest in any state in the US.
Work in Indianapolis. Economy and business in Indianapolis
The local population is mainly employed in manufacturing, health and social services, and retail trade. Naturally, there are fewer plants and factories within the city, the inhabitants of Indianapolis are mainly engaged in trade and services. In general, biotechnology, life sciences and health care can be distinguished.
Indianapolis Tourism
I would like to note that the city is very beautiful, but now a few words about security, since Indianapolis has earned the title of the most criminal city in the United States, this is due to the large percentage of the black population, tourists can be reassured that these crimes relate mainly to gang warfare in the struggle for spheres of influence and the atmosphere in the vicinity of the main attractions is calm. To say that Indianapolis is a popular destination for tourists is an exaggeration, although the low number of tourists once again confirms the underestimated status of the city.
Russians and Ukrainians in Indianapolis. Demographics and population
Indianapolis' population is 62.0% white, 58.6% non-Hispanic white, 27.9% black or African American, 9.6% Hispanic or Latino, 2.4% Asian. The dynamics of the racial composition in Indianapolis over the past decades has not essentially changed, as at all times Indiana was a predominantly black state, one can recall the great unrest in the 1950s, Martin Luther King Jr. was killed here, but there were especially large mass unrest in Indianapolis. Did not happen. In the 1970-80s, downtown Indianapolis suffered a depression, many whites left for the suburbs, which are still the most prosperous place, nevertheless, the downtown was restored in the 2000s. Indianapolis can be called a Yugoslav city, with more than 100,000 people from the former Yugoslavia living here. There are no Russian districts in Indianapolis.
For every 100 women, there are 93 men. The average household size is 2.42, and the average family size is 3.08.
Standard and quality of life in Indianapolis
Indianapolis has a high standard of living, first of all, high social standards, medicine, public services, good public transport, in general, everything is done for people. The disadvantage can be considered a relatively low level of wages, of course, to a greater extent this applies to the colored population and low-skilled employees.
Crime and safety in Indianapolis
Indianapolis can be called the most dangerous city in the United States in terms of crime, so in 1998 there were 40.3 murders per 100,000 people, this figure can be compared with Latin American countries, for example, living in Honduras is not much more dangerous than in Indianapolis. On average, the crime rate in Indianapolis is 5-6 times higher than the US average. Until 2012, the number of violent crimes gradually began to decline, but since 2013 it has crept up again. Most crime victims and perpetrators in Indianapolis are young black men. Also, Indianapolis has a very high rape rate.
Houses, apartments and real estate Indianapolis
Indianapolis - the best place in the US to buy real estate, prices are true in the future will not rise.
The third largest (after Chicago and Detroit) city of the Midwest, the sister city of the German Cologne, the capital of Indiana - Indianapolis - a large industrial, financial and shopping mall countries.
Indianapolis has a good reputation among tourists, primarily due to historical attractions. By the way, the official version of the history of the origin of the name of the state and its main city is very simple. The local lands were inhabited by Indians, hence it went - Indiana, that is, "the land of the Indians."
How to get there
It is not difficult to get to Indianapolis: for example, from Moscow you can fly with a connection via New York or a major European city on flights of Aeroflot, KLM, Air France, SAS, Iberia, etc. And from any other big city America can be reached here by train, intercity bus or car.
Find flights to Chicago (nearest airport to Indianapolis)
Weather in Indianapolis
Cuisine and restaurants
There will be no problems finding a suitable restaurant here - the state capital is replete with all kinds of cafes, bistros, restaurants offering customers a choice of pizza sandwiches, and "high culinary fashion" dishes from chefs. For a quick bite or a budget lunch, Chocolate Cafe, Rene’s Bakery, 96th Street Burgers are perfect, you can taste Asian cuisine at Thai Cafe, Side Wok Cafe, India Garden or Shalimar. And sophisticated gourmets are always welcome to Corner Wine Bar, P.F. Chang's.
By the way, many establishments prepare dishes specifically for vegetarians.
There are a lot of coffee houses and drinking establishments in the city. For example, you can enjoy a cup of freshly brewed coffee by visiting Cornerstone Coffee, Mo'Joe Coffee House, Hubbard&Cravens Coffee Co or Lazy Daze Coffee House, and enjoy a cocktail or drink a glass or two of good wine at Bourbon Street Distillery, 501 Eagle, Union Jack Pub and Easley Winery.
Fountain Square Art Parade
Transport
You can see numerous exhibitions in city museums, walk in parks, see sights within the city and its environs by choosing the most convenient type of transport: city and suburban buses, taxis, rent a car, a more environmentally friendly bike, or, if you don’t pedal yourself I really want to see the city, you can use the services of a cycle rickshaw.
Entertainment and attractions in Indianapolis
And there really is something to see in Indianapolis: there are 6 districts in the city that are the focus of historical and cultural attractions - these are Fountain Square, The Whole Sale District, Massachusetts Avenue, Broad Ripple Village, Indiana Avenue and Canaland White River State Park.
First of all, of course, many are attracted by the heritage of Indian civilization, which can be seen at the Eiteljorg Museum of American Indiansand Western Art. There are a lot of art museums in Indianapolis, where achievements in the field of culture of past centuries and the present are exhibited. There are medical, historical, children's museums, as well as a "living" museum, in which volunteers completely recreate one day from the life of their ancestors - from crafts to cooking dinner.
Broad Ripple Village
Leaving the museums in the "open air", you can wander through the shady alleys of parks (there are about 200 of them in Indianapolis), visit the zoo located on the territory of White River State Park, or one of the largest public observatories Holcomb Observatory & Planetarium.
Buildings related to the military glory of the Americans stand out in Indianapolis. For example, a memorial to soldiers and sailors, outstanding in its dimensions, built at the end of the 19th century. According to the rules, all other buildings in the city had to be lower. And this was observed until the second half of the 20th century, when in 1962 the new city hall building surpassed it in height. And today, the 214-meter skyscraper Chase Tower is considered the tallest.
A museum with expositions of artifacts from the First and Second World Wars operates at the American Legion National Headquarters. Another significant building is The War Memorial Plaza, dedicated to all American soldiers who took part in military events from the formation of the United States to the present day.
Events and festivals
Indianapolis is not poor for all kinds of public events. For example, it is here that the famous one-day car race Indy 500 takes place every year, attracting fans from all over the world.
And summer and autumn are the time when one festival smoothly flows into another. "Opens the season" in early June, Vintage Indiana Wine & Food Fest, which includes wine tasting and restaurant delights, cooking classes in open areas in the city center. Then at the end of the month, the Eiteljorg Indian Market is held - the largest festival dedicated to Indian history and culture.
Mid-July in Indianapolis is the time for the International Film Festival and African-American Indiana Black Expo Summer Celebration.
In August, the plans include the Indiana State Fair, a festival of theater and creative groups (local, international, national), as well as a gathering of fans of any games who enthusiastically play their favorite games 4 days in a row.
Indianapolis
The beginning of autumn welcomes residents and guests of Indianapolis with two festivals at once - Oktoberfest and Rib America Fest - a paradise for lovers of alcohol, pork ribs and German sausages with live music in the parks. In mid-September, virtuoso performers of jazz, blues and other related musical styles come to the city. Following, replacing each other, are the Irish festival, revealing the history, culture, way of life, and the festival of agriculture. October is traditional for the Circle City Classic, a tournament for African-American football teams.
The apogee of the season of various festivals is the Bands of America Grand Nationals - a parade of the best creative teams from around the country, which is held in mid-November. Indianapolis is a symbiosis of a modern city and original origins, advanced technologies and ancient traditions, a city where both the businessman and the idle reveler will find something to their liking.
