The choice of territory for organizing a beach on the shore of a reservoir is made taking into account the allocation of three zones that are different in their functional purpose. The beach itself is recommended to be located 30-40 m wide along the water's edge. This area is the most visited, it is an open space with changing rooms and equipment necessary for sunbathing. Next to it is an area for active rest. It is a strip with a width of 15 to 40 m parallel to the coast, on which there are sites and areas for playing volleyball, badminton, tennis, etc. This zone, compared with the previous one, has a lower filling density. The sports zone is being designed in close proximity to the beach and is its logical continuation.

Sports grounds must meet increased requirements during operation, since significant loads arise during play and training. The surface of the sites should be flat, well-planned and have a certain slope so that there is no stagnant rainwater.

The clothes of the sites are arranged in multilayer (Fig. 7). As materials for clothes, stone or brick crushed stone of various fractions, coarse-grained sand, fibrous peat, ordinary plant soil, stone dust or crushed stone siftings, and ground clay are used.

Rice. 7 The design of the coating of the sports ground.

Sports field clothing consists of a crushed stone base, an intermediate layer and a cover. The intermediate layer is created from peat, moss and sawdust and is designed for waterproofing in case of excessive soil moisture, as well as to give the surface of the site elasticity and elasticity, which is very important when playing. The base is the main load-bearing element that can withstand loads during operation; usually the base is made of crushed stone (grain 2-3 cm in size) or boiler slag. The surface of the court has the same meaning as the coating of the tracks, it is made from special mixtures or hard materials.

You can arrange the simplest sports ground on a planned and compacted earthen base.

Sports grounds are arranged in compliance with certain technical requirements. The device is carried out in several stages. First, on a cleared and leveled area intended for a platform, a trough is arranged for laying layers of clothing with a depth of 20-30 cm and with dimensions corresponding to the size of the site. The bottom of the trough is carefully leveled according to the design marks. The slopes from the crest of the site are assumed to be 0.005.

After leveling, the bottom of the trough is compacted - rolled with a roller. Along the boundaries of the site, a special board or formwork is installed from edged boards measuring 20 120 and 4 m thick. The formwork allows you to maintain clear site boundaries and “holds” all the clothes, preventing them from spreading to the sides. After the formwork is installed, crushed stone is poured onto the compacted bottom as a base and compacted. Then an intermediate layer of elastic-moisture-intensive materials is poured, this layer is leveled, then rolled. Then a special mixture is laid on the surface of this layer, which is used as a coating. The mixture is also leveled and rolled. When rolling all layers, they should be moistened with water by pouring from a hose (5-8 liters per 1 sq. M).

Sports ground equipment:

And, finally, the least busy zone of quiet rest and walks, located among picturesque green spaces, is equipped with landscaped paths, playgrounds, gazebos, sheds, etc.

Sites for the organization of the beach should be located within convenient transport accessibility, in places that exclude possible water pollution, downstream of the water intake that provides the city with drinking water. The speed of the river flow should not exceed 1 m/s.

The size of the territory of the beaches located in resort areas and recreation areas for 1 visitor, should be taken, m2, not less than: sea - 5, river and lake - 8, sea, river and lake (for children) - 4.

The size of river and lake beaches located on lands suitable for agricultural use and in urban areas should be taken at the rate of 5 m2 per 1 visitor and 5-6 m2 of water surface.

The minimum length of the coastline of the beach per 1 visitor should be taken, m, not less: for sea beaches - 0.2, river and lake - 0.25. The bottom should be, if possible, sandy and gently sloping with a slope of not more than 0.03. With a flatter bottom (0.015), the width of the water strip intended for swimming will be about 200 m, and with large slopes it is reduced.

A place for swimming must be chosen where the depth of the reservoir does not exceed 2 m, and the most optimal is the area where the water area has two zones: with a depth of up to 1.2 m for those who cannot swim and with a depth of up to 2 m - for those who can. Recommended cross profile

beach is shown in Fig. 8.

Rice. 8. Cross profile of the river beach.

1 - distribution (pedestrian) alley; 2 - protective strip of greenery (at least 6 m);

3 - beach; 4 - dive zone; 5 - swimming area.

The beach can be sandy - gravel-sand, gravel-pebble or grassy. The territory chosen for the organization of the beach should have a flat surface with a slight (0.01-0.03) slope to the water. In the case when there are unfavorable soils (peat, silt, clay) in this area, it should be envisaged to create an artificial coating from imported material (sand, pebbles) (Fig. 9). To prevent beach erosion, it is necessary to create a special surcharge. The size of the material used for loading (gravel or pebbles) should change as the depth decreases and the shallowness of the underwater part of the beach increases.

Rice. 9. Artificial beach.

1 - natural soil; 2 - imported or alluvial sand; 3 - gravel-pebble surcharge.

Depending on the attendance of the beach, it is equipped with awnings, wardrobes, changing cabins, first-aid posts and rescue stations, food and equipment rental facilities, and showers. They are equipped with jumping towers, solariums, aerariums, shady umbrellas and awnings, as well as playgrounds and recreation areas. Beaches should have toilets and garbage collection areas. Contaminated surface runoff water should not enter the beach area. To do this, a gutter system is arranged in front of the beach, intercepting surface water that comes to the beach from higher areas.

Due to the erosion of the coast due to the flow of water and wave action, the beach is often destroyed. Therefore, in plan, it should have a slightly concave outline along a curve, which ensures the circulation of water and excludes erosion and removal of particles beyond its limits. If it is impossible to locate a bay-shaped beach, in order to reduce the entrainment of beach particles and retain sediment, engineering structures are used in the form of jet-guiding dams, groins and breakwaters.

Breakwaters and groins protect the beach from erosion and increase its area towards the reservoir. Breakwaters are mainly used on sea beaches. They are located parallel to the shore, and they can be unflooded and flooded, i.e. above or below the water level. Depending on the bottom material, they are located from the shore at a distance of 20 to 100 m. The groins are placed perpendicular or at an angle to the shore and connected to it. They are quite effective for the beach accumulation process for both sea and river beaches.
In front of the beach, it is necessary to provide for the creation of a distribution alley with a capacity (width) that takes into account the capacity of the beach and its attendance. The alley is separated from the beach by a strip of green spaces at least 6 m wide and with a sufficient number of exits to it. In order to prevent surface water from entering the beach, a drain collector is laid along the edge of the inner edge of the alley, and the slope of the coating in its direction prevents dirty water from entering the beach and ensures its quick removal through the collector outside the territory.

When designing a beach, it is necessary to provide a special area for bathing children. This may be a closed reservoir connected to the main channel or pipe for water exchange, or a specially fenced shallow area of ​​the main reservoir. Much attention is paid to the installation of various water devices (crackers, slides for rolling into the water, etc.) and the equipment of nearby playgrounds (swings, awnings, etc.).

Beaches should be located on the southern, southwestern and southeastern slopes, which have the greatest insolation.

The number of vacationers is determined in accordance with SNiP 2.07.01-89*. The size of the territory of the beach recreation area is accepted per visitor from the following standards: for the area S` not less than 8 m2, for the length of the coastal strip L` - not less than 0.25 m.

Accordingly, the number of vacationers N is determined as the smallest of the expressions:

NS = S / S` and NL = L / L`

where S and L are the area of ​​the beach and the length of its coastline, respectively.

The total number of one-time visitors is determined taking into account the coefficient of simultaneous loading of the beach (kз= 0.2 for the local population).

According to their functional purpose, the beaches are divided:

medical, intended for workers undergoing treatment in sanatoriums (individual and combined in complexes);

general resort - for all contingents of vacationers at the resort;

citywide - for the permanent population of the resort.

For the organization of climate treatment, as a rule, the available natural beaches are used. In some cases, with insufficient areas of natural beaches, special open areas are created.

For all types of beaches, the area per person is normalized, and functional zones are predetermined. City beaches have less developed forms of equipment for functional areas and are designed mainly for recreation and health procedures - baths of total solar radiation and air baths (in the shade).

To establish the optimal conditions for climatotherapy, as well as to determine the size of the equipment used, it is necessary to know some data on the meteorological state of the atmosphere and their effect on the human body.

Different combinations of temperature, humidity and air velocity can give not only different thermal sensations, but also different physiological reactions in humans. According to the Sochi Research Institute of Balneology and Physiotherapy, the optimal conditions for a person are: air temperature - 18-21°C;

relative humidity - 60 - 80%;

air speed - up to 3 m/sec.

The most favorable for taking heliotherapy baths is the standing of the sun above the horizon of 40 -50 C; in this case, an optimal voltage of ultraviolet radiation is created, and infrared radiation does not yet reach its maximum.

In accordance with SNiP 2.07.01-89 *, the coastal strips of ponds must be landscaped. For this you need to do:

creation of convenient and safe descents to the water;

creation of a rescue and medical center on the beach;

laying of access and pedestrian paths;

planting green spaces;

safety device.

Rescue station. The building of the rescue station should be located so that it is possible to conveniently view and control the water area. A tower is set up for observation. The premises include rooms for duty personnel (15 - 20 m2.) And the head of the rescue service (9 m2). In addition, the building may provide for a first-aid post with a bathroom (15 m2.). The lifeguard station is more often placed in the same building as other beach service establishments. Near the station there should be a mooring for lifeboats, as well as a special room for storing boats on the shore.
Along the water area in the bathing areas, every 25 m at a distance of 4-5 m from the water, poles with a shield for attaching life-saving equipment should be installed: life buoys, Suslov balls and the ends of the Alexandrov system, shields - wooden, racks - wooden, metal or reinforced concrete.

Alleys, paths, paths. The construction of alleys, paths, paths on the beaches and in the adjacent green area should be dust-free, not very hot from the sun. Must be resistant to atmospheric precipitation and comfortable for walking.

Concrete slabs can be produced in various sizes and configurations: square - 37.5 37.5 4; 50 50 5 cm and hexagonal with sides 33 and 50 cm, thickness 4 and 6 cm.

In places with less heavy foot traffic, concrete slabs or natural stone slabs can be laid out with 3 cm wide seams. Vegetable pound is poured into the seams, and lawn grass seeds are sown. The ground level in the seams should be 1.5-2 cm below the level of the slabs, and the paths themselves should be made 3-4 cm above ground level.

The width and coverage of the paths, as well as the location in the plan, are determined depending on their purpose and the intensity of pedestrian traffic. With one-way traffic, the track width is 0.75 m, with two-way traffic -1.5.

Beach equipment. The design of furniture for the beach must be carried out taking into account the following basic provisions:

equipment of functional areas of beaches, providing a comfortable stay;

optimal dimensions of equipment, due to the rational use of products and anthropometric data;

the possibility of variant use of equipment items;

the use of resistant materials and coatings that improve the performance of products and increase their service life;

unification of elements for furniture groups with a similar design scheme and size ranges;

creating a wide range of products due to the variety of colors and the use of various finishing materials.

Cabins for changing clothes can be designed for one, two, three and four people. It is advisable to consider a series of cabins of various capacities based on unified elements. The composition of the plan must be decided during the design process.

The cabin design includes a metal frame and for enclosing surfaces, polymer sheet materials, wooden slats, etc. The surface of the cabins must be resistant to atmospheric precipitation and exposure to sunlight. For stationary installation of cabins, it is necessary to provide for reliable fastening with its embedding in the ground, as well as the possibility of dismantling on winter period. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure storage during conservation.

Benches. Types of benches intended for equipping unshaded areas and green areas, their varieties, providing for different operating conditions (stationary, mobile, etc.), as well as features of the material used.

Depending on the operating conditions, you can accurately select the appropriate type of product.
The base of the bench should ensure its stability; options with fixed supports (reinforced concrete and other materials rigidly fixed in the pound) may be provided. The surface of the seat must have a resistant coating against external influences - sun, rain, etc.

Individual sun protection devices. The main types of sun protection devices designed for individual use are: umbrellas, awnings, shady oval, rectangular and trapezoidal in plan, creating shading of one lounger.

Umbrellas and screens should be installed in metal cups embedded in concrete, or have heavy metal bases that ensure the stability of the entire device. The main material for the frame is metal. On the frame, it is necessary to provide devices for towels and dresses. A special colored canvas should be used to cover umbrellas and screens. The arrangement of umbrellas must be provided with a mechanism for giving it an inclined position, which allows you to create the necessary shade area at different positions of the sun.

Garbage bins should be provided both free-standing and hinged. The form of separate urns in the plan can be square or round. The device of the urn should provide for easy extraction of the contents and cleaning of the surface of the internal volume. The structural material must be resistant to aggressive environmental influences.

A beach cleaning trolley should have a trash can, dustpan, place and holder for a broom, as well as reliable wheels for moving over sandy and rocky ground. The garbage container can be made of waterproof fabric. Construction material and finish must be resistant to light disinfection.

Furniture color scheme. It is advisable to paint furniture for beach equipment in light colors. However, white should be avoided as it contributes to excessive radiation (reflectance 80%). I took into account that the most successful combination is a contrasting one, several colors can be recommended: blue, blue-green, orange, which have reflectances of 30, 20-30 and 25-30%, respectively. These colors contrast well with the color of the beach cover - yellow sand, gray - yellow and gray - blue pebbles. The selection of the color of the equipment must be made in contrast with the existing color of the beach cover,

In the same landscape, the brightness ratio does not exceed 50:1. Objects in the shade are illuminated 10 times weaker than objects not protected from the sun.

Green and blue colors intensify their color in partial shade, and red and yellow win in color in illuminated places. Considering these properties of colors, we can recommend blue, blue-green, blue colors for painting furniture used in the shade, and red, orange, yellow for furniture located in illuminated areas.

5. (6) Vertical layout of complex terrain

Purpose of building vertical reference- this is the definition of the absolute mark of the level of the finished floor of the 1st floor, i.e. the start of reference of relative marks (0.000). When designing and reconstructing, this mark is determined based on the planning mark of the transformed relief of the territory adjacent to the building. This mark - red - is determined by the red (planning) horizontal lines. It is known that red (design) marks, as well as black (marks of the existing terrain), are called absolute.

Throughout the territory of the Russian Federation, they have a single reference point - the level of the Baltic Sea. The marks of the elements of each individual building are called relative. Their starting point in each building is the level of the clean floor of the first floor. To calculate the absolute mark of the clean floor of the first floor of any building, you need to know how much the floor is above the ground. As a rule, this value - the mark (ground level) - is indicated on the drawings of the facades and sections of the building with a minus sign. It is added without taking into account the sign to the absolute planning mark of the earth and the desired value is obtained.

In the training project, it is allowed to link the building to the existing relief of green areas, i.e. calculate the black marks on the corners of the building. The planning mark (red) should be taken at the highest elevation of the entrance. At all corners of the buildings on the general plan, red marks should be indicated on the remote shelves at the top, black marks at the bottom. In the center of the building in the rectangle indicate the absolute mark corresponding to the value of 0.000 relative marks (Fig. 1).

Figure 1. An example of performing vertical and horizontal bindings in educational practical work:l - designed building; II - existing building; i - direction of surface water runoff; A, B, 1, 10 - designations of axes

In conditions of significant elevation differences in the terrain of the microdistrict, urban planners use a wide range of vertical planning techniques. With their help, they form the planning surface of the territory of the microdistrict, organize transport and pedestrian traffic between the terraces lying at different levels. In each specific case, one or another method or device for vertical planning is chosen depending on the properties of the soil, geological and hydrological conditions, and the requirements for the territory of the microdistrict.

The simplest element of the vertical planning of the territory when pairing surfaces with a difference in elevations is a slope. The main issue in the design of slopes is the establishment of its steepness. It is chosen from the conditions of soil stability, prevention of landslides and erosion. It depends on the elevation difference. With a slope height of up to 6 m in stable soils (semi-rocky and similar), the steepness is expressed in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:0.5; with soils of medium stability - up to 1: 1.5; with loose soils (fine-grained sands and the like) - 1: 1.5 or less. To protect the slope from erosion by surface waters, trays, ditches, and drainage pipes buried in the ground are arranged at its sole (Fig. 2). Through them, rainwater is directed to the water intake grids of the city drain or to the nearest body of water. In addition, the slopes are strengthened by planting green spaces, sown with grasses with a developed root system, covered with turf, paved with stone, concrete and reinforced concrete slabs. For the same purpose, cement-concrete slabs with holes filled with herbs or perennial flowers are used for paving slopes. When using green spaces to fix slopes, it is important to provide them with a vegetative layer of soil.

retaining walls make vertical and inclined (slopes 1:10 and 1:12). To prevent the soil of the overlying terrace from being eroded, a drainage system and trays intercepting rain flows are provided in the upper terrace. Retaining walls are decorated with stone, rustication and other types of finishes.

For pedestrians, terraces lying at different levels are connected by stairs. Stairs are arranged in slopes and gaps in retaining walls with a slope of no more than 1: 3, with a riser height of 10 ... 14 cm. The width of the tread of the stairs is not limited. With a slope of less than 1:13 (8%), it is allowed to install inclined pedestrian ramps - ramps. Stairs and ramps are arranged taking into account the main directions of the system of transport and pedestrian routes of communication.

The design marks of characteristic points are indicated on the vertical layout project: at the corners and entrances of buildings, at places of change in the longitudinal slope and at the intersections of the red lines of the streets, in the trays of the streets arrows indicate the directions and values ​​​​of the longitudinal slopes (in percent). Surface water runoff will occur in these directions. In addition to the longitudinal slopes of driveways, sidewalks, green areas, as well as areas of microdistricts, transverse slopes are arranged for the convenience of rainwater drainage (Table 1).

Every year, about ten million Russians go to rest in domestic resorts, almost the same number sunbathe in foreign ones. And the rest of the country's population, for various reasons, stays at home. However, they also want to lie on the beach, splash in the water, play with children and have fun. Therefore, the idea of ​​opening your own beach is promising and can bring considerable profit. But before you start to bring your idea to life, remember that our compatriots are increasingly drawn to civilized recreation. Therefore, putting up several barbecue grills and inflating a trampoline does not mean organizing a beach.

In today's article, we will look at all the details of this business, give an example of a beach business plan and give some advice from experienced entrepreneurs.

The beach business is suitable for both the city and the village. All you need is a reservoir - everything else can be arranged. However, starting your business in a small town or village, you need to analyze the number of potential customers who will visit the beach and generate income. The rural population is unlikely to be able to give good earnings for the season, since their salaries are low. Another thing is if the village is located not far from the city and city dwellers will be able to break out there every weekend. Holidays outside the city are becoming popular now, so the number of beach visitors will be able to justify your expenses.

The next important point is the choice of a reservoir for the beach. It can be a pond, a river, a lake. You can even build a pond yourself, but due to the fact that the water in it is stagnant, you will have to install expensive cleaning equipment. Also, after each season, it is better to drain the pond in order to clean the bottom of the reservoir from debris and refresh the water. This will entail high costs, but visitors will be satisfied.

Own beach is a promising line of business

A beach on the river will require a mandatory permit from the administration of the city in which the beach will open. Usually the procedure is not complicated, but the cleanliness of the reservoir and the beach will be closely monitored, any violation will be punished by a large fine. Therefore, take care of the cleanliness of your beach in advance, hire staff who will clean up the remnants of the “fun” of visitors daily.

Beach equipment requirements

According to Russian law, there are a number of rules and regulations that an entrepreneur must comply with in order for his beach to be allowed for the swimming season.

Before the start of work, the beach must be inspected by employees of the sanitary and epidemiological station, after the inspection a written conclusion must be issued on the state of the beach area and its suitability for swimming. Also, a survey of the bottom of the beach within the boundaries of the swim should be carried out. These procedures are repeated annually before the opening of the swimming season.

The beach must be equipped with rescue stations with trained personnel. The admission of rescuers to work is possible only after the approval of the State Inspectorate for Small Vessels of the Russian Federation. The lifeguards' working hours are determined by the owner of the beach, having coordinated it in advance with the local authorities. Rescuers must have the necessary equipment to move through the water.

The beach must be equipped with a lifeguard station

Swimming areas should have buoy restrictions beyond which beach goers should not swim. All those present are notified of this by means of a loudspeaker, as well as with the help of special signs on the shore.

Beaches should be located at a distance of 500 meters from sewage and at a distance of 1000 meters from marinas, hydraulic structures and moorings. The bottom of the reservoir on the beach should have a gradual slope to a depth of two meters, and should also be cleared of snags, debris, plants, glass and stones.

Separately, areas for children and those who cannot swim should be limited, the depth of this area should not exceed 1.2 meters. On the beaches there should be stands with information about first aid, about the rules of conduct, about the number of sunbeds, awnings and umbrellas to protect from the sun.

For children in the reservoir, special areas should be limited, the depth of which does not exceed 1.2 meters

On the shore, at a distance of no more than 5 meters from the water, shields with life buoys are installed. The circles should contain the inscription "Throw to a drowning man."

Lifebuoy shields must be installed on the beach

Be sure to install a mast with a yellow flag on the beach, which means that "swimming is allowed" and a black ball with a diameter of 1 meter, which means "swimming is prohibited."

On the territory of the beach there should be a medical center equipped with first aid equipment for people. Periodically, first-aid posts are checked for the availability of medicines and the professionalism of the paramedic.

A prerequisite for the opening of the beach is the equipment of the first-aid post

Fountains with drinking water, as well as dry closets, should be installed on the beach so that the sanitary services allow him to work. It is also necessary to install urns, at a distance of 8-10 meters from each other.

It is strictly forbidden to sell alcoholic beverages on the beach.

Entertainment

Usually the entrance to the beach is free, the entrepreneur makes a profit from renting sunbeds, paying from kiosks and stalls on the beach and entertainment.

Any beach should have a whole range of entertainment for every taste, so that visitors can leave the maximum amount of money. It can be trampolines, zorbing, waterslides, jet skis, water skis, catamarans and everyone's favorite bananas. Also on the beach, you can install a shooting range with the opportunity to win a valuable gift, arrange a mini-cafe with ice cream and soft drinks, open a souvenir shop.

The beach should be equipped with a whole complex of entertainment

All this will require a lot of money, so at the initial stage it is better to choose several types of entertainment, and rent the rest to make a profit. Your best bet is to stock up on some jet skis, bananas and jet skis from the start, as well as install trampolines and water slides. To do this, the entrepreneur will need at least 400 thousand rubles.

Jet skis are the most profitable entertainment for the beach

Income and expenses

The beach business is an expensive business, because if you start it from scratch, you will need to invest a lot of money in its arrangement: put up rescue stations, dry closets and changing rooms, conduct electricity, install bins and sheds, bring in sand, clean the bottom of the reservoir. All this, according to experienced entrepreneurs, takes from one to one and a half million rubles.

The next expense item is the purchase of inventory and entertainment equipment. The more equipment is purchased, the less it will have to give to tenants and the higher the income of a businessman. In the first year of operation of the beach, they usually spend no more than 500 thousand on the purchase of entertainment, this will allow them to quickly pay off and develop the business later.

Renting a beach is considered the least expensive part, its amount does not exceed 50-80 thousand rubles a year (despite the fact that the season lasts only 3 months, the remaining time the entrepreneur pays rent for this area).

The beach staff becomes a serious blow to the pocket: lifeguards, paramedic, sellers, security. For the season, salary costs will amount to more than 700,000 rubles.

Total expenses in the first year of the beach operation will be about 2,800,000 rubles.

Now let's turn to income. The entrepreneur does not charge a fee for entering the beach, but compensates for this by renting sunbeds and umbrellas, paying for changing rooms and toilets, entertainment and income from tenants. The average monthly income of the beach in the first season is 500-600 thousand, every year the income will only grow, because more and more of the equipment will be owned by the entrepreneur. Based on such calculations, it turns out that the payback of the beach will be about two years.

The beach business is considered one of the most highly profitable seasonal businesses, but the initial costs and risks repel many people from this activity. But if you are confident in your abilities, have the necessary funds to start and are not afraid of possible difficulties, then this business is for you, go ahead and become a successful owner of the beach.

beach season 2016 is just around the corner, it's time to start improving the beaches. In the new season, 183 beach areas will operate, of which only 81 are municipal. It turns out that the number of municipal beaches has decreased this summer season (in 2014 there were 108 municipal beaches).

Vacationers from year to year on the beaches are promised a civilized vacation: changing cabins, showers, bright umbrellas and sunbeds (though for an additional fee). Beach equipment for the new season has already been ordered in China, but the whole picture on the beaches is still spoiled by dilapidated breakwaters with buns, which, alas, cannot be hidden anywhere.

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Beach improvement is not only about arranging beach furniture and choosing a color scheme. Beach tenants need to think through everything: organize a paid and free zone, install changing cabins and trash cans, create walkways along the beach area and make approaches for people with disabilities, equip stands with information, if necessary, bring communications underground, take care of security and cleanliness, but first of all - you need to create by pouring a large number of river pebbles. Moreover, all this must be done quickly, before the onset of the summer season, otherwise they will be deprived of the right to rent. In a word, there are a lot of problems, and time, like money, is always not enough.

As a positive example of the improvement of a municipal beach, one can cite the beach near the Mandarin shopping center in the Adler district. Here, a fairly wide beach strip made it possible to create conditions for a comfortable stay.

In August 2014, a wooden podium was mounted nearby and a relaxation area with a bar under a canopy was arranged, some of the sunbeds were placed on the sand. In addition, they organized beach holiday near the swimming pool.

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The design of beach furniture is made of artificial rattan and looks attractive, and the material is not afraid of moisture and heat. It’s just that you can sit on sunbeds for a fee, but everything looked stylish and worthy of a world-class resort.

There are no high fences here, everything is in plain sight. The beach is accessible to everyone. If you have money - pay for extra comfort, if not - sunbathe on your towel by the water. Even being nearby, looking at the beautiful and well-groomed embankment is always a pleasure.

And here, for comparison, what the sports and playgrounds of the municipal beach "Mermaid" on Mamayka look like.

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Business plan

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You are offered a beach business plan, this business worthy of undertaking can bring not only tangible benefits to vacationers, but also give you a great way to make a profit. Well-maintained beaches are needed everywhere, they are sorely lacking, and some of our compatriots sometimes compare with horror places for recreation near lakes, rivers, seas in our country with foreign beauties and well-groomed. Therefore, it is in your power to change the situation and put into operation the beach, which will become a favorite vacation spot for children and adults.

This ready-made document will allow you to evaluate the forces and means, because it will be necessary to purchase equipment, sunbeds, improve the beach, properly draw up paperwork for renting a plot of land near a reservoir. In addition, it is often necessary to bring in a special coating, sand, install sunshades, and purchase umbrellas. Vacationers like to enjoy various desserts, pies, snacks, drink soft drinks on the beach, for which a sufficient number of food tents should be installed.

After studying the information on the opening of the beach, you will familiarize yourself with the analysis of the numbers and understand what funds and permits are needed in order for this undertaking to immediately go successfully. Fixed or hourly payment for visiting the beach, constant cleaning of the territory, equipment of a rescue point, purchase of sports equipment for beach active games - these items must be thought out in advance. And remember that beach maintenance is a seasonal business, so you can invest part of the accumulated funds in another business. An excellent entrepreneurial idea for enterprising and active people is embodied in this document.

Random people rarely come into the beach business. This is due, first of all, to the fact that, as a rule, the conditions for opening your own beach are provided at a minimum, but the requirements are set to the maximum. On the one hand, it seems to be not so difficult to rent land for business on the beach. But at the same time, there is no guarantee that it will be extended to you next year. And you, meanwhile, as a conscientious entrepreneur, “swell” a lot of money into the improvement of the beach.

In many cities, the administration organizes competitions for the right to use existing beach areas. This applies, first of all, to renting beaches on the sea coasts. At the same time, potential tenants are subject to a number of conditions that must be met. Most often, this concerns the entrance to the beach - it must be free, as well as landscaping. In addition, the tenant must monitor the beach area all year round, and not just at the height of the summer season. Which, of course, does not add optimism to entrepreneurs.

Beach tenants can have several sources of income. First of all, this is the rental of sunbeds and umbrellas, as well as various watercraft - masks, air mattresses, flippers. But all this, as they say, is trifles compared to the cost items that an entrepreneur who decides to open his own business on the beach will inevitably incur. Installation and design of beach changing rooms, toilets, trash cans, lanterns, laying of communications, delivery of pebbles, special equipment for the beach - the improvement of the beach, the beach area can take more than one hundred thousand. For one season, this money, of course, cannot be recouped.

According to beach tenants who worked in this area, entering into a lease for a year or two is tantamount to losing business. The minimum lease term, which will allow you to recoup the funds invested in the improvement of the beach, is five years. The ideal option is to conclude a long-term contract, for 10-15 years. In this case, it will be possible to safely invest in the infrastructure of the beach, gradually increasing the level of profit.

In order to reduce the payback period for the improvement of the beach, it is not enough to open your own rental point. It is necessary to expand the range of services to the maximum, offering beach visitors a full range water activities. Features of the business on water attractions are such that both children and adults enjoy using them. Set up your own car shop on the beach, as a business such as selling various goods is also in high demand. Remember that the season of active money-making is not so long, so you should make the most of this time.

If you are worried that you might run into any problems while working on this project, arm yourself with a professional beach business plan. Using it will allow you to avoid both annoying mistakes and unnecessary costs. You will learn how to succeed in such a difficult type of business.

Opening a beach business does not promise quick income. However, the initial costs will in most cases also be small. The main difficulty lies in obtaining all the necessary permits for the coastal area. It is desirable that the land is located within the city. If we are talking about organizing your own beach on the outskirts, then this option is only suitable if there is a convenient transport interchange in this area, since not everyone still has their own personal cars.

One of the prerequisites is the opportunity to take the land on a long-term lease. If you are offered a lease for a year or two, you should not agree, because there is a high risk that the contract will not be renewed. Meanwhile, you will spend a lot of money during this time. In order to earn good money on the beach, you will have to try very hard. Entry fees alone will not provide a good profit. The organization of such a business as a beach holiday should provide for a variety of sources of income - from renting barbecues and skewers to organizing boating and scooters.

The better the improvement of the paid beach is done, the more visitors you will be able to interest. People are willing to pay money to enter the beach, but at the same time they expect to get something in return - comfort, convenience, additional services. If the beach is dirty, vacationers will prefer to relax in the wild, but free territory, or go to another paid beach. Therefore, take care of the improvement of the site - bring sand, install bins, toilets, hire people who will keep the beach clean.

Considering that people go to the beach on the hottest days, the organization of the sale of beer on the beach will be a great success. On summer days, the sales volumes of this foamy drink grow by about a third, which is what many entrepreneurs are in a hurry to take advantage of. A small cafe installed in the beach area will also increase the level of income. Even a modest range of drinks and ready-made meals will interest vacationers who spend the whole day on the beach.

You can make money on the beach in many ways, but the organization of such a business as water rides gives you the maximum profit. What is the beauty of water attractions? The fact that, despite the sometimes high cost of entertainment, beach visitors enjoy this opportunity. If you have the idea to open a water business on the beach, carefully consider what you will need for this. When planning to buy attractions for the beach, keep in mind that such a business will require significant investment.

If you are thinking about starting a business and decide to open your own beach, analyze the level of competition in your area in advance. If there are several paid beaches in the city, study the activities of competitors, find out what services they offer to vacationers. This will make it easier for you to choose the right direction. The organization of the beach by an individual entrepreneur has its own specifics, and a professional beach business plan will help you take into account the most important points. Based on it, you will be able to decide where it is better to rent a place for the beach, and what nuances you should pay close attention to.

The beach season is short, but if you decide to create a paid beach and attract as many vacationers as possible to it, do not forget about water attractions. They are the main source of income for the owner of the beach. You open your business at sea - water attractions will enjoy incredible success. You wanted to open a beach on a local lake - a business with water attractions will never leave you without a profit.

Active recreation on the water is very popular among vacationers of all ages. When organizing a business such as rental of water skis, water scooters, you most likely will not be left without customers. But it should be understood that the risks in this matter are quite high. You become completely dependent on the weather and on the conscientiousness of vacationers who can damage the equipment or not return it at all.

In addition, such a business seems profitable only at first glance. In fact, its profitability is not too high, and there is no need to wait for a quick payback either. On the other hand, the entrepreneur has great opportunities to develop a business that can grow into a full-fledged water amusement park.

* Calculations use average data for Russia

One of the favorite types of recreation for Russians is outdoor recreation. It can be your own summer cottage, forest, pond. The latter are the most popular in the summer: what Russian does not like to plunge into cool water after outdoor activities, delicious barbecue and hot and cold drinks? Rivers, lakes and ponds are simply occupied by vacationers in summer. Despite the fact that part of the bathing season is traditionally spent at sea - in domestic or foreign resorts - this does not come at the expense of recreation in local waters.

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And here, for those who want to relax, there are two options: choose a "wild" undeveloped beach, or give preference to a paid beach. Considering the realities of the modern world around us, in the first case, we will most likely be waiting for a free stretch of coast, generously fertilized with organic and inorganic traces of all the tourists who have visited this place over the past decade. At the same time, no one guarantees the convenience of the site for the location of such amenities as a tent, table, barbecue, etc. on it. Just as no one guarantees the quality of the bottom of the reservoir, its suitability for swimming. Not to mention such simple human amenities as a shower, toilet, shop, etc.

The second option of the disadvantages has only a certain, established by the owner, the cost of the guest's stay on its territory. Except for this, a paid beach has a whole range of advantages. This includes compliance with the norms of the SES (Rospotrebnadzor), cleanliness on the beach, a prepared bottom, equipped descents into the water, and the availability of infrastructure. Infrastructure refers to: changing cabins, toilets and showers, sun loungers, tables, gazebos, barbecues, etc. As well as the availability of additional services for cooking, selling drinks, renting catamarans, boats or scooters. As a matter of fact, the range of services is limited only by the imagination of the owner of the beach.

Let's try to calculate how profitable the paid beach business is. The most important factor on which perhaps 80% of the success of an enterprise depends is the location of the territory. To a certain extent, the location can be determined by the positioning of the enterprise - and vice versa if the budget is relatively small. Let's explain. The beach can be equipped on the territory in the immediate vicinity of the city - within walking distance or public transport. For such a beach, extended infrastructure, although desirable, is not mandatory due to the fact that its attractiveness will be provided by transport accessibility. Accordingly, investments in its organization will be required less than when organizing a remote beach. Remote beaches are usually created near some natural attractions, in reserved or just cozy corners. However, in order to attract visitors, one well-groomed beach is not enough. A much broader infrastructure will be required - cafes, shops, possibly houses for spending the night, a bathhouse, and so on.

The territories of the beaches belong to the state and are not for sale (at least according to the legislation of the Russian Federation). The beach can be rented for a long time, for which you should contact the Property Fund of the region or region. As a rule, open tenders are held for the right to lease a site; the one who proposes the highest amount wins. The initial amount of trading depends on many factors: geographical location object, its area and shape, availability of communications, demand, availability of infrastructure or buildings on the territory, etc. Thus, it is extremely difficult to determine the cost of renting a site. According to the Property Fund of the Rostov Region, the cost of renting land plots, depending on their location and purpose, can range from 50 to 5,000 rubles per hundred square meters. By interpolation, you can come to a result for a site suitable for organizing a beach in the immediate vicinity of the city - 2000-3000 rubles per hundred square meters.

The optimal size of the beach is from 150-200 meters in length along coastline and at least 20-30 meters deep; the wider the proposed range of services, the greater the depth required to accommodate the infrastructure.

As with any public place, the beach is subject to a number of requirements from various authorities, primarily from Rospotrebnadzor. The list and qualitative composition of the requirements depends on the class assigned to the beach. According to the order No. 1215 of July 11, 2014 of the Ministry of Culture Russian Federation, the classification of beaches is carried out on a voluntary basis. Classification is carried out by organizations accredited by the Ministry of Sports, Tourism and Youth Policy; a certificate of assignment to a certain category is issued for a period of three years, after which a repeated certification procedure is required.

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According to Order No. 1215, the classification of beaches includes an assessment of compliance with "requirements for security, information support, the provision of additional services on beaches and the assignment to beaches of the categories provided for by this Classification Procedure." Below are excerpts from the Order regarding the objectives and certification procedure.

“Beaches can be independent, or united by one territory into a complex with certain boundaries, which covers a number of tourist infrastructure facilities (accommodation, food, health improvement, entertainment, etc.).”

“Beaches must meet safety requirements, confirmed by the conclusion of specialized organizations in terms of life safety, health, safety environment, as well as the information support requirements specified in the classification of beaches (Appendix 28 to the Classification Procedure) of this Classification Procedure.

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“In accordance with this Classification Procedure, the classification of beaches is carried out in the following categories: I, II and III. The highest category of the beach is I, the lowest is III. Information about the corresponding beach category is communicated to consumers by displaying a flag. Flag colors: blue flag - for category I beach; green flag - for category II beach; yellow flag - for category III beach.

As mentioned above, depending on the category assigned by the supervisory services, certain requirements are imposed on the beach. In fact, there are not so many global differences between the highest and lowest categories. These include, for example, the mandatory availability of category I medical care on the beach, the presence of children's areas, walking paths and other amenities for the disabled, umbrellas and sun loungers, as well as food and entertainment points made of lightweight structures (non-stationary trade is allowed for category III beaches, peddlers).

The general requirements for all categories are: the presence of a rescue service, toilets, changing cabins and showers; before the start of the swimming season - cleaning the bottom from glass fragments, sharp stones and other dangerous items, as well as conducting a study of water quality for compliance with microbiological parameters requirements; equipment for children's and adult bathing areas.

Also, the beaches must meet the requirements of the Fire Supervision. To obtain an opinion from this body, it is necessary to provide: acts of the technical condition of fire protection, acts of measuring the insulation resistance of the electrical network and lightning protection, an agreement for the maintenance of fire protection equipment or a service license, as well as a number of other acts and constituent documents.

And, of course, it is obligatory to register a business entity with the tax service, the statistics service. All the bureaucracy described above can take six months or more, so if we plan to open the beach by the beginning of the next season, we need to start preparing from the end of the current one.

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By the way, about seasonality. The beach in the conventional sense, of course, is associated exclusively with summer holidays - the season of its operation for each region is limited by the number of months warm enough to relax near the water. However, if there is a certain infrastructure and a program of events, visitors can also be attracted outside the season. This can help, for example, a heated pool, sauna; many recreation centers and beaches organize mass festivities with swimming in the hole on Epiphany. The list of activities is limited - again - only by the imagination of the owner of the beach. In general and on average, three summer months can be attributed to the high season here, during May and September average attendance should be expected, and in the remaining months - its complete absence. When calculating the profitability of a business, we will take weekend attendance in July as 100%; weekdays in summer will be 50%; weekends in May and September - 70%; weekdays of the same months - 20%. It is easy to translate this data into the number of days in a year with 100% attendance - we get 77 days. Subtract from here 10% falling on rainy days, round up - a total of 70 days of beach operation per year.

Daily revenue will depend on the established rates and range of services, as well as on the absolute number of visitors, which will largely depend on the area of ​​the beach. According to sanitary and epidemiological standards, for freshwater beaches, 1 person should have at least 8 sq.m. useful area of ​​the beach, i.e. area unoccupied by various structures. Thus, based on the size of the beach 200x20 m, of which 30% is reserved for infrastructure, we get the maximum allowable number of vacationers - 350 people.

To determine the average amount of the check, you need to understand what will be charged for and in what amount. In practice, today such holiday destinations use such monetization objects as:

Car entry to the parking lot - 400-500 rubles;

Entrance of a vacationer to the territory - 200 rubles per person;

Renting a covered gazebo - an average of 1500 rubles per gazebo.

Optionally, here you can add the rental of sun loungers, sports equipment, boats and catamarans, the revenue of food outlets, etc.

We calculate the annual revenue at the minimum, based on the fact that 20% of visitors are children, from whom no fee is charged, there are 5 pavilions on the territory, and the number of cars in the parking lot is 10% of the number of vacationers. Such a small percentage is due to the fact that the beach is within the reach of public transport, and up to 5 guests can arrive in each car. Thus, we get:

To maintain the beach, we need: lifeguards, cleaners, security guards, maintenance and repair master engineering networks, the beach administrator is the very minimum of staff, which does not imply a wide variety of services. This line-up can be extended by those responsible for equipment rental, food vendors, chefs, animators, etc. The beach schedule is at least 12 hours a day, seven days a week, which implies a minimum of two shifts of workers. Since we are talking about a seasonal business, then the wage fund should be calculated only for the season. Here, however, we are not talking about a conditional season of 70 days, but about its actual duration, which will be approximately 150 days. At the current level of wages, labor costs with social contributions will amount to approximately 1,500,000 rubles.

The cost of utility bills, equipment repair and maintenance of the territory will be taken at the level of 100,000 rubles per month during the season.

The annual cost of renting the territory is equal to:

Gross profit for the year will be:

A very good indicator, provided that the calculation considered a minimum set of services and a relatively small area of ​​the beach. With more optimistic calculations, profits can reach 5 million rubles or more per year.

Investment costs are also not amenable to unambiguous definition, because. the need for preparatory work, such as uprooting trees, cleaning the territory, planning it, filling it with sand, installing fences, cleaning the bottom of the reservoir within the length of the beach - all this is calculated based on the characteristics of a particular site. Nevertheless, in order to navigate the numbers, we will take as a basis data from open sources - about 2,000,000 rubles for earthworks and sand delivery, 500,000 - for equipping the territory with gazebos, changing cabins, umbrellas and other things. At least 500,000 rubles should be allocated for other engineering work, in particular for the installation of communications. Well, keeping in mind where and what time we live, we should be prepared for the fact that when bidding for the right to lease a site, there will be a corruption component, because. municipal property, and in particular land, are the object of special financial interest both on the part of entrepreneurs and officials. Thus, the initial costs will be from 3 million rubles. With the right work, these investments will pay off by the middle of the second year of the beach operation.

Possible risks include:

Adverse weather long duration, natural anomalies;

Wrong choice of beach location in terms of logistics;

Violations of the requirements of supervisory authorities;

Inattention to the cleanliness of the beach and the bottom of the reservoir, as well as the low level of quality of services provided, which leads to a decrease in visitor satisfaction.

By paying due attention to reducing these risks, the entrepreneur has every chance to get the planned level of profit from the enterprise.

Denis Miroshnichenko
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