The aircraft is a monoplane with a cantilever swept mid-wing with a span of 60.3 m. The fuselage of the aircraft is a pressurized semi-monocoque frame structure, round in cross section. The length for the "200" is 59.39 m, for the "300" - 63.65 m. The height of the aircraft is 16.8 m. Its design is made with the extensive use of composite materials, which results in a significant reduction in weight. The power plant consists of four CFM 56-5C2 engines with a thrust of 4x146.3 km = 585.2 km. The A-340 is equipped with a laser gyroscopic system and a satellite orientation system. All navigation systems allow the crew to fly in automatic mode. A special device for determining the center of gravity gives the appropriate signal to set the depth rudder trim. The main difference from the A-320 and A-321 is big sizes cabins and instruments for 4 engines, a slightly modified ceiling panel. As a guarantee, an additional fuel tank for 28 tons was installed (the total amount of fuel before takeoff was 140 tons).

• Modification A340-200
• Wingspan, m 60.30
• Aircraft length, m 59.39
• Aircraft height, m ​​16.70
• Wing area, m2 361.60
• Weight, kg - empty equipped aircraft 129000
• Thrust, kgf 4 x 15422
• Maximum speed, km/h 988
• Cruise speed, km/h 938
• Practical range, km 14816
• Practical ceiling, m
• Crew, people 2
• Payload of 261 passengers in three-class configuration or 239 passengers in two-class configuration.

A340-8000

Long-haul passenger aircraft developed by the Western European consortium Airbus. In June 1995, during the next international aerospace exhibition in Paris, the Airbus Industry consortium announced plans to develop a new modification of the A340-200 aircraft capable of non-stop flights on routes over 14,000 km long. The new modification, which received the designation A340-8000 (also has the designation A340-200HGW), differs from the A340-200 aircraft by the presence of three additional fuel tanks in the tail cargo compartment. The aircraft is equipped with an EFIS digital avionics system, similar to the A320 aircraft. The aircraft uses CFM International CFM56-5С2 turbofan engines (thrust 14160 kgf), CFM56-5С3 (14755 kgf) and CFM56-5С4 (15435 kgf)

Flight performance:

• Modification A340-8000
• Wingspan, m 60.30
• Aircraft length, m 59.39
• Aircraft height, m ​​16.74
• Wing area, m2 363.10
• Weight, kg - empty equipped aircraft 128300
• Weight, kg - maximum takeoff 275000
• Engine type 4 turbofan engines CFM International CFM56-5С4
• Thrust, kgf 4 x 15435
• Maximum speed, km/h 965
• Cruise speed, km/h 915
• Practical range, km 14800
• Practical ceiling, m 12000
• Crew, people 2
• Payload 263 passengers in two class cabins or 303 passengers in economy class.

A340-300

Long-haul passenger aircraft developed by the Western European consortium Airbus. The aircraft belongs to the A330/340 family of long-haul aircraft. The A340-300 is a four-engine, long-range passenger aircraft equipped with CFM International CFM56-5C turbofans. The plane is further development A340-200, with increased passenger capacity. The aircraft can carry 295 people in three-class configuration for 7,300 nautical miles (13,520 kilometers).

Flight performance:

• Modification A340-300
• Wingspan, m 60.30
• Aircraft length, m 63.60
• Aircraft height, m ​​16.70
• Wing area, m2 361.60
• Weight, kg - empty equipped aircraft 130200
• Weight, kg - maximum takeoff 275000
• Engine type 4 turbofan General Electric CFM56-5C4
• Thrust, kgf 4 x 15422
• Maximum speed, km/h 976
• Practical range, km 12520
• Practical ceiling, m 11800
• Crew, people 2
• Payload of 295 passengers in three-class configuration.

A340-300E

Long-haul passenger aircraft developed by the Western European consortium Airbus. The aircraft is a modification of the A340-300 aircraft with an increased takeoff weight and a longer flight range. The first flight took place on August 25, 1995. The certification of the aircraft was completed in the spring of 1996. The first customer of the aircraft is Singapore Airlines, which has received aircraft since April 1996. The aircraft is equipped with an EFIS digital avionics complex, similar to the A320 aircraft complex. The aircraft uses TTRDD CFM International CFM56-5С3 (thrust 14755 kgf) or CFM56-5С4 (15435 kgf). Serially produced since 1995.

Flight performance:

• Modification A340-300E
• Wingspan, m 60.30
• Aircraft length, m 63.65
• Aircraft height, m ​​16.74
• Wing area, m2 363.10
• Weight, kg - empty equipped aircraft 129400
• Weight, kg - maximum takeoff 275000
• Engine type 4 turbofan General Electric CFM56-5C4 (CFM56-5C3)
• Thrust, kgf 4 x 15435 (14755)
• Cruising speed, km/h 925
• Practical range, km 13150
• Practical ceiling, m 12000
• Crew, people 2
• Payload of 295 passengers in three-class configuration or 335 passengers in two-class configuration.

Long-haul passenger aircraft developed by the Western European consortium Airbus. The aircraft belongs to the A330/340 family of long-haul aircraft. The A340-500 is a four-engine, long-range passenger aircraft powered by Rolls-Royce Trent 553 turbofans. The A340-500 has one of the largest fuselages in the A330/340 family, allowing it to accommodate fuel tanks with a total capacity of 214,810 liters. The aircraft is the most distant of the class of airliners. The aircraft can carry 313 people in a three-class configuration for a distance of 8,500 nautical miles (15,742 kilometers).

Flight performance:

• Modification A340-500
• Wingspan, m 63.45
• Aircraft length, m 67.90
• Aircraft height, m ​​17.10
• Wing area, m2 439.40
• Weight, kg - empty equipped aircraft 170400
• Engine type 4 turbofan Rolls-Royce Trent 553
• Thrust, kgf 4 x 24040
• Maximum speed, km/h 970
• Cruise speed, km/h 936
• Practical range, km 15742
• Practical ceiling, m
• Crew, people 2
• Payload of 313 passengers in three-class configuration.

Long-haul passenger aircraft developed by the Western European consortium Airbus. The aircraft belongs to the A330/340 family of long-haul aircraft and is a further development of the A340-500 model. The A340-600 is the largest aircraft in the A330/340 family in terms of passenger capacity. The aircraft is equipped with fuel tanks with a total capacity of 194,880 liters, which allows transporting 380 people in a three-class configuration over a distance of 7,500 nautical miles (13,900 kilometers). The liner is equipped with Trent-500 engines with a high bypass ratio. They are specially designed by Rolls-Royce to provide the consistently high fuel efficiency required for long distance flights. A340-600 took to the skies for the first time in April 2001.

Flight performance:

• Modification A340-600
• Wingspan, m 63.45
• Aircraft length, m 75.30
• Aircraft height, m ​​17.30
• Wing area, m2 439.40
• Weight, kg - empty equipped aircraft 177000
• Weight, kg - maximum takeoff 365000
• Engine type 4 turbofan Rolls-Royce Trent 556
• Thrust, kgf 4 x 25401
• Maximum speed, km/h 968
• Cruising speed, km/h 937
• Practical range, km 13890
• Crew, people 2
• Payload of 380 passengers in three-class configuration.

Airbus A340-300. Photo: MinXuan Zhang | Lufthansa

- a wide-body long-haul aircraft capable of taking on board up to 440 passengers and transporting them to a distance of up to 13,700 km.

Airbus A340-300 - became one of the early modifications developed within the A340 family of aircraft. The liner made its first flight in October 1991, and its commercial operation began in 1993.

Despite the fact that the aircraft is equipped with four engines, it is one of the quietest, the noise is almost inaudible in the cabin. The A340-300 is designed to give the passenger as much personal space and comfort as possible.

The first A340-300 aircraft could take on board up to 300 passengers in a three-class configuration and carry them over a distance of up to 13,300 km. In 1995, Airbus began production of the A340-300X, which featured increased takeoff weight, meaning the aircraft could now carry more passengers and carry them up to 13,700 km.

In 2003, Airbus again revised the characteristics of the aircraft. The engines were replaced with more powerful ones, the maximum takeoff weight and flight range were increased. The new modification was called the A340-300E, and its first flight took place in 2003.

In 2011, Airbus announced it was ending production of the A340. In total, 246 aircraft were produced in the A340-300 modification. To replace this family, a new line of aircraft was introduced.

Airbus A340 family of aircraft:

• - an aircraft with a flight range of up to 15,000 km and a capacity of up to 420 passengers
• - version with reduced flight range (13,700 km) and increased capacity (up to 440 passengers)
• - extended version with a range of up to 17,000 km and a capacity of up to 375 passengers
• - the longest modification in the A340 family. Flight range up to 14,600 km, maximum capacity 520 passengers

Specifications:

Crew Quantity: 2 persons
Aircraft length: 63.60 m
Wingspan: 60.3 m
Height: 16.85 m
Fuselage diameter: 5.28 m
Cabin width: 5.64 m
Range of flight: 13,700 km
Speed: 913 km/h (0.86 M)
Max. flight altitude: 12,500 m (41,100 ft)
Max takeoff weight: 296.500 kg
Places: 335 (two-class layout), 295 (three-class layout), 440 (maximum)

Scheme Airbus cabin A340-300:

Lufthansa - Airbus A340-300 cabin map

SAS - cabin layout Airbus A340-300

(17)
Swiss International Air Lines (15)
Air France (13)

Years of production - Units produced 377 (November 2011) Unit cost A340-300: $211.8 to $219.2 million
A340-500: $233.0 to $241.1 million
A340-600: $245.0 to $253.7 million Images  at Wikimedia Commons

Design

The A340 is a cantilever swept-wing monoplane. A large elongation and the presence of end aerodynamic surfaces provide high aerodynamic quality (10 units) and reduce inductive drag. The caisson wing has a large relative thickness, which increases the internal volumes for fuel. Improved load-bearing properties made it possible to reduce the area, the total mass of the structure and, as a result, fuel consumption. The wing is made of high-strength aluminum alloys and composites. Monolithic panels were also widely used, which simplified assembly and reduced production costs. This also reduced the weight of the structure and reduced the number of potential seal failure areas. The elimination of overlapping joints and a small number of bolt holes reduced the number of places where cracks could originate.

Each console has flaps and, interestingly, seven sections of slats, occupying almost the entire length of the leading edge. Both flaps and slats are controlled automatically by the EDSU. The outer spoiler sections act as aileron spoilers, increasing lateral control efficiency and improving the cruising aerodynamics of the wing. The fuselage is semi-monocoque, round in cross section. Composites were widely used in the plumage design, which significantly reduced the weight. The aircraft has a tricycle retractable undercarriage with articulated suspension of wheeled bogies. Nose strut - with dual steerable wheels. Each main rack is equipped with two two-wheeled tandem bogies. The braking system is automatic.

The navigation systems of the A340 allow the crew to fly in automatic mode. A special device for determining the center of gravity gives the appropriate signal for the installation of the trimmer of the elevator. The cockpit is identical to that of other Airbus aircraft. The main difference is the large size, devices for two more motors, a slightly modified ceiling panel. There are six multifunctional displays on the instrument panel: the outer screens work as "flight displays" (primary information), and the middle ones - as navigational ones. Both middle screens are also used to transmit information about the parameters of systems and engines in an emergency. There is also a backup circuit that provides the pilot with the ability to land the aircraft in case of failures. Crew seats of a new generation - with an electric control system along three axes and with a tilted back. The position of the pedals and the height of the armrests are adjustable. Side control knobs are installed on the left and right.

Technologies

A340 has such modern systems for its time as:

• Fully digital control system (EDSU, Fly-by-wire)
• Side joysticks (the correct name is sidestick, sidestick) controls instead of traditional handwheels
• "Glass Cabin" based on LCD monitors
• Widespread use of composite materials

Modifications

In total, there are 4 variants of the aircraft: A340-200 and A340-300 were developed in 1987 and entered service in March, A340-500 and A340-600 were developed and entered service in 2002.

A340-200

One of the first two versions of the A340, A340-200, capable of carrying 261 passengers in a three-class cabin configuration for a distance of up to 12,400 kilometers. This is the shortest aircraft of the family and the only one with a wingspan greater than the length of the fuselage. The aircraft is powered by four CFM56-5C4/P engines. At the time of its creation, the A340-200 became one of the most long-range passenger aircraft, whose main "specialty" was long-haul routes, especially over the ocean.

One of the first aircraft of this series was a special aircraft for the Sultan of Brunei, who ordered a car with a flight range of at least 8,000 nautical miles. The aircraft was equipped with additional fuel tanks, the maximum takeoff weight was 275 tons. Range A340-8000 eventually amounted to 8100 nautical miles (15 thousand kilometers). Unfortunately, this legendary car never got to the customer. Other aircraft A340-200, later upgraded to the level of A340-8000, received the designation A340-213X.

Large wingspan, low passenger capacity, fuel inefficiency made the aircraft unpopular among the largest airlines in the world. In total, only 28 of these machines left the assembly line, of which a certain number are in the VIP version. A340-200 is out of production.

A340-300

A340-300 in a three-class configuration takes on board 295 passengers. The flight range is 12,400 kilometers. A340-300 was the first aircraft of the entire A340 family. The first flight took place in 1991, the A340-300 entered service in 1993. The aircraft has 4 CFM56-5C engines, identical to those installed on the A340-200.

A340-313X- version with increased takeoff weight, first delivered to Singapore Airlines in 1995.

A340-313E- the latest version of the A340 delivered by Swiss Airlines in 2003. The maximum takeoff weight of the aircraft is 296.5 tons. Due to the installation of more powerful CFM56-5C4s engines, the flight range was increased to 13.5 thousand kilometers.

The aircraft is no longer in production. 219 vehicles have been ordered, 211 of which have already been delivered. The largest operator of the A340-300 is the German Lufthansa with 30 aircraft.

A340-500

A340-500 was introduced to the world as the longest-range passenger aircraft. Until the introduction of the Boeing 777-200 “Worldliner” in early 2006, it remained that way. The A340-500 made its first flight on February 11, certified on December 3. Starting customer - Emirates Airlines. A340-500 is capable of carrying up to 313 passengers on board for a distance of 16,000 kilometers. For example, Singapore Airlines used this model on 18-hour flights to New York. The 15,345 km route was the longest commercial flight in the world. The A340-500 is also capable of non-stop flights between London and Perth in Australia.

The design of the A340-500HGW is basically identical A340-600HGW. It is planned to install Rolls-Royce Trent 556 engines on the aircraft.

A340-600

A340-600, carrying 419 passengers in a two-class cabin configuration, or 380 passengers in a three-class configuration for a distance of up to 13,900 kilometers, was developed as a replacement for the early Boeing 747 models. The passenger capacity of the A340-600 is similar to the Boeing 747, the capacity of the cargo compartment is twice the capacity of the 747. A340-600 made its first flight on April 23, 2001. In August, the British airline Virgin Atlantic began its commercial operation.

The fuselage of the aircraft, which is more than 10 meters longer than the A340-300, makes the A340-600 the second longest passenger aircraft in the world (less than a meter behind the 76.25-meter Boeing 747-8). Four Rolls-Royce Trent 556 engines are installed on the A340-600. There is an additional four-wheel landing gear under the central axis of the fuselage.

A340-600HGW made the first flight on November 18, 2005, certified on April 14, 2006. The takeoff weight is 380 tons, and the flight range is 14,600 kilometers. This became possible due to an increase in fuel capacity, more powerful Rolls-Royce Trent 560 engines (take-off thrust up to 275 kN), a reinforced aircraft structure, and also due to the introduction of new technologies in aircraft construction.

Production

By the end of September 2010, 374 aircraft had been delivered. On November 15, 2011, production of the A340 was officially discontinued.

2010	2009	2008	2007	2006	2005	2004	2003	2002	2001	2000	1999	1998	1997	1996	1995	1994	1993	1992	1991
3	10	13	11	24	24	28	33	16	22	19	20	24	33	28	19	25	22	0	0

Specifications

	A340-200	A340-300	A340-500	A340-600
Wingspan	60.30 m	60.30 m	63.45 m	63.45 m
Wing sweep angle	30°	30°	31.1°	31.1°
Length	59.40 m	63.69 m	67.93 m	75.36 m
Height	16.80 m	16.91 m	17.28 m	17.22 m
Chassis base	23.24 m	25.60 m	27.59 m	32.89 m
Cruising speed	Mach 0.82 (871 km/h)		Mach 0.83 (881 km/h)
Max Speed	Mach 0.86 (913 km/h)		Mach 0.86 (913 km/h)
Range of flight	15,000 km	13,700 km	16,670 km	14,600 km
Passenger capacity(3 classes)	261	295	313	380
Passenger capacity(maximum)	-	440	375	475
Cargo capacity	18 containers LD3/6 pallets	32 containers LD3/11 pallets	30 containers LD3/10 pallets	42 containers LD3/14 pallets
Engines(4 things.)	CFM56-5C4/P each 151 kN	CFM56-5C4/P each 151 kN	RR Trent 500 each 235-249 kN	RR Trent 500 each 249 kN

Aircraft type A346 (IKAO) and 346 (IATA). The aircraft with the longest fuselage ever built by Airbus and the most capacious in the 340 family. As of December 2010, the airlines ordered 97 aircraft, received 97, and 96 aircraft are in operation.

With an overall length of 75.3 meters, it can accommodate 360 ​​passengers in a three-class configuration, or 419 in a two-class configuration. This ultra-long aircraft provides operators with unsurpassed standards of space, comfort and convenience in every class of service.

The wide-body, four-engine Airbus A340-600 is also an ultra-long range leader, with a range of almost fifteen thousand kilometers. Equipped for better economy on long haul routes, it offers unrivaled operational flexibility for non-stop flights to more remote areas such as the oceans or mountain ranges.

The four Rolls-Royce Trent 500 engines use only 56,000 pounds of their 60,000 pounds of rated thrust, resulting in longer life. In addition, the use of four motors, as opposed to two large motors, reduces operating costs for operators by 13 percent.

In addition, the A340-600's four engines make it possible for airlines to be exempt from Twin Engine Standards (ETOPS). And this allows them to fly on more direct routes, long distances over water or to points far from the airport. And this saves time and reduces fuel consumption.

Specifications A340-600

Salon Airbus A340

Business class cabin photo	Economy cabin	A340 passengers are allowed to use their own mobile phones, laptops and any other communication devices.
Innovative developments in interior lighting help to create the perfect atmosphere on board, while the graceful contours of the cabin soften the light. The LED lighting can be finely tuned through five zones to suit your mood, time of day and night, like sunrise and sunset. Reading lamps, also using LEDs, provide the best light.

Air quality is a major factor in long-distance passenger transport. For the A340, Airbus has developed air conditioning systems controlled with a single touch on the screen from the cockpit to ensure maximum passenger comfort.

In addition, high efficiency filters provide clean air, trapping 99.9% of particles and organic matter.

The temperature on board the aircraft can be individually controlled for eight zones in the cabin. This means that the crew can more easily respond to requests from individual passengers for temperature changes.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the model Airbus aircraft A340 (Airbus 340). In the article you will learn how the seats for passengers are located in the cabin, how to choose the best seat, is it safe to fly with the Airbus A340 (Airbus 340), what models exist and how they differ, and much more...

1. Airbus 340 models
2. Salon scheme
3. Air crash history
4. Technical specifications

This is a four-engine long-haul wide-body turbojet passenger aircraft that was developed by Airbus SAS. Airbus 340 very similar to the Airbus A330. Prior to the release of the extended Boeing 747-8 model (fuselage length 76.4 m), the Airbus A340-600 passenger aircraft was the longest in the world (fuselage length 75.36 m).

As of May 2006, there are orders for 389 aircraft, 319 aircraft are used in flight.

Airbus A340 has modern systems for its time, such as:

• Instead of traditional handwheels, side joystick controls - Side-stick

• Full digital control system

• Widespread use of composite materials

• Glass cockpit with built-in LCD monitors

In total, 4 models of the Airbus 340 aircraft were invented. In 1987, A340-200 models And A340-300 and began to be used in aviation in March 1993, in 1997 were invented A340-500 models And A340-600 and began operating in early 2002. In January 2006, Airbus announced the creation of an improved model of the Airbus - A340E (Enhanced).

But unfortunately the plane Airbus 340 could not compete with the Boeing 777 due to more economical fuel use. Due to the rise in fuel prices in 2004-2005, Airbus 340 sales dropped sharply.

Since 2011, the production of the Airbus A340 has been discontinued due to the lack of demand for this aircraft model. However, Airbus SAS is ready, upon request, to manufacture Airbus A340 of all modifications, except for Airbus A340-200 (Airbus A340-200 ).

• Salon scheme
• Air crash history
• Technical specifications

Airbus aircraft modelsA340 (Airbus 340)

The following Airbus 340 models are currently conquering our sky:

• Airbus A340-200 (Airbus A340-200) - is considered one of the shortest among the Airbus 340 aircraft. The maximum number of passenger capacity is 261 people, the maximum distance is 12,400 km.

• Airbus A340-300 (Airbus A340-300) - The maximum passenger capacity is 295 people, the maximum distance is 13,700 km.

• Airbus A340-500 (Airbus A340-500) - an aircraft that can withstand a long flight up to 16,670 km with a passenger capacity of up to 313 people.

• Airbus A340-600 (Airbus A340-600) - is the longest aircraft in the world, carrying 380 passengers over distances of up to 14,600 km.

• Description and history of the creation of the model
• Air crash history
• Technical specifications

Scheme and photo of the Airbus aircraft cabin A340 (Airbus 340)

• Description and history of the creation of the model
• Airbus 340 models
• Technical specifications

Airbus accidents and disasters A340 (Airbus 340)

№	Location of the incident	date	Board number	Number of dead	Description (cause) of the incident
1	2	3	4	5	6
	Paris		F-GNIA	0(0)	While being towed to the terminal, a fire broke out on board the aircraft
			4R-ADD	0(0)	Destroyed in an attack on the Tamil Tigers airport
	Toronto		F-GLZQ	0(309)	Crew error - reverse was not turned on during landing. Skidded off the runway and caught fire
	Quito		EC-JOH	0(349)	Skidded off runway due to tire explosion
			F-WWCJ	0(9)	Pilots' mistake - not putting the plane on the stops, they started gassing the engines

• Description and history of the creation of the model
• Airbus 340 models
• Salon scheme

Specifications of aircraft models

	aircraft model Airbus 340	A340-200	A340-300	A340-500	A340-60
	Wing sweep angle	30°	30°	31.1°	31.1°
	Model length (meter)	59.40	63.69	67.93	75.36
	Wingspan (meter)	60.30	60.30	63.45	63.45
	Model height (meter)	16.80	16.91	17.28	17.22
	Chassis base (meter)	23.24	25.60	27.59	32.89
	Maximum speed (km/h)
	Cruise speed (km/h)
	Flight range (km)	12400	13700	16670	14600
	Cargo capacity (LD3 containers/pallets)	18/6	32 /11	30/10	42 /14
	Engines 4 pieces	CFM56-5C4/P	CFM56-5C4/P	RR Trent 500	RR Trent 500
		Each 151 kN	Each 151 kN	Each 235-249 kN	Each 249 kN
	Passenger capacity (maximum / person)
	Passenger capacity 3rd class (pax)