Victoria Popova
Abstract complex lesson"What the Mountains Say"

Subject: About what mountains tell.

Educational - continue to introduce children to inanimate nature, give basic information about mountains: what are mountains who lives in the mountains, what grows, what they are made of mountains; Introduce the words - magma, vent, lava.

Educational

To develop cognitive interest, the ability to analyze, compare, generalize, draw simple conclusions.

To develop the cognitive activity of children in the process of independent implementation of the experiment.

nurturing: Encourage children to draw conclusions on their own.

- Guess the riddle: Stands on one leg, turns, turns his head, shows us countries, mountains, rivers, oceans.

What is this? (It's a globe)

-Consider a globe. Why is the globe painted in different colors (brown mountains, green - plains and forests, blue - seas, yellow - deserts)

show on the globe mountains. A video message is played in which the mistress of the mountains invites the children to discover the secrets she has hidden in envelopes.

What do you think mountains can tell about themselves?

The children come to the table on which the envelope lies, the teacher takes out the task from it.

In front of us on the table are stones of various shapes and sizes. arrange them so that the old stones are in one basket. And the young in the other. (Children examining the stones, distributed in baskets)

Explain your choice. (children explain: pointed stones are young, and smooth are old. They became so from time to time thanks to the wind and water)

Guys, can we figure out what mountains old, and which young (children consider photo depicting mountains, explaining where the old mountains where the young

Now we move on to the next envelope.

Look at this diagram. What do we see? Mountains these are giant folds of the earth's crust, that is, skin. They consist of layers of various rocks. Some rocks are hard while others are soft. Soft rocks are easily affected by rain and wind. Because of this, collapses occur in the mountains, gorges, cliffs, canyons are formed.

-Solid: granite, coal, diamonds, silicon, malachite.

-Soft: chalk, gypsum, asbestos.

Minerals are mined in different ways. Some in open pits, others deep underground in mines.

Guys, is it possible to find shells in the mountains? It turns out you can. Mountains were once coral reefs, but are now far from the sea. Since that time, shells have been preserved in the rocks. The highest mountain in the world, Everest, is located in Himalayan mountains. What mountains of Russia do you know the names of? (Caucasian mountains, Ural).

Here is another secret about minerals discovered.

Let's move on to the next envelope.

Look carefully at these pictures. (they depict animals and birds, trees and shrubs located in the mountains) Please tell me how these pictures are connected with the mountains? (Children express their opinions.) The answer is obvious - in the mountains there are not only stones, but also vegetation, animals and birds.

I see you are a little tired. I suggest doing a workout.

Children perform characteristic movements.

And now the next envelope is on our way. We open.

Look here for items that were used by blacksmiths in antiquity. I I will tell you about the fire-breathing mountains. These mountains called volcanoes. And they called them volcanoes because they existed legend: (children sit down on the carpet) There lived in the world a god named VOLCANO and he was a blacksmith. He built himself a blacksmith inside the highest mountains. He beat with a heavy hammer on iron, fanned the fire. And the mountain stood in the middle of the sea. When Vulkan worked with a hammer, the mountain trembled, the roar and rumble spread far around. From the hole at the top mountains red-hot stones, fire and ashes flew with a deafening roar. The volcano is working, people said with fear and went away from this place. Since then, they began to call fire-breathing mountains"volcanoes".

Now there are three types on earth volcanoes: Sleepers - who can wake up to explode in fiery lava at any time.

Active - constantly spewing fountains of boiling lava.

Extinct - those that erupted a very long time ago, but are now extinct.

Let's go to the table. It has a model of a volcano. Volcanoes as we see it cone-shaped mountains. If you look from above, you can see a hole - this is a crater, a large bowl with steep slopes, and at the bottom is bright orange - this is a vent-hole that goes deep into the ground. And the fiery liquid coming out of the volcano is lava.

So the historical secret of the mountains was revealed to us.

The next secret is the envelope.

The mistress of the mountains offers us to make a volcano on our own.

Inside the layout is a plastic yogurt cup. 1 teaspoon of soda, a little gouache paint, citric acid, 3 drops of detergent. Consistently mixed and observed. (There will be a simulated volcanic eruption)

But at the bottom of the ocean, when an eruption occurs, the frozen lava can form a cone of such a height that if the top is above the water, then after the volcano goes out there will be an island. Many islands in pacific ocean volcanic origin.

It's good that everyone got a volcano. Did you like the secret mountains?

A video clip is turned on in which the hostess of the mountains says that everyone coped with the tasks. Now they are rewarded for their work. Only in exchange we must remember the secrets that she revealed to us.

I thank you all for today's work.

A message on the topic “What are mountains” for children will briefly help you prepare for a geography lesson and deepen your knowledge of these major landforms.

Mountain message

You already know that the surface of the planet is not perfectly flat. It has hills, canyons, plains and mountains. These "roughnesses" are collectively referred to as terrain. And each area is characterized by its unique relief.

Mountains- This is a large elevation of the Earth's relief, which can be seen for kilometers. Even the smallest mountain will be visible from afar. By the way, over time, elevations can decrease, as the winds blowing over the mountain carry away the grains of sand that have broken off from it year after year.

The mountains are composed of:

• Peaks - the top of a mountain.
• Slope - that part of the mountain along which they descend from the top to the bottom.
• Foot - the lower part of the mountain. This is where the slope ends and the normal terrain begins.

The shape of the mountains can be very different. Some have sharp peaks, others have flat tops or look like oval domes.

The higher the mountain, the more severe and colder the climate on its top. And what is most interesting, there can be incredible heat at the foot, and at the same time the top of the mountain is covered with a huge cap of snow and ice. Then small streams begin to gather from the top and closer to the slope they turn into a real river. Yes, rivers also erode the surface of the elevation and reduce the height of the mountain.

When did mountains appear?

They appeared a very long time ago, millions of years ago, when there were terrible earthquakes on the planet. Fountains of red-hot lava strongly beat from the ground and froze, turning into mountains. These mountains still exist today. Under them, lava is still boiling, which at any moment can break out. This process is called a volcanic eruption, and such mountains are called an active or dormant volcano. But the mountains, under which lava does not show activity, are called an extinct volcano. It is worth noting that the frozen lava is a source of minerals, therefore, in the mountains, work is underway to extract metals, ore or precious stones.

You can rarely meet seamounts. Under water, it is impossible to notice, but sometimes the top of a similar mountain sticks out of the water and resembles a rocky island.

Interesting Mountain Facts for Kids:

• The highest mountain in the world stands on the border between Nepal and China. It's called Everest. The height of its peak is 8848 m.
• Some mountains are formed on the place where once there was a sea or ocean. This happened in the process of shifting the folds of the seabed. These mountains include the Carpathian Mountains, the Himalayas and the Alps. In them you can find the remains of marine organisms.
• The African mountain Kilimanjaro was formed due to the eruption of lava from underground.
• The process of aging, reduction or growth of mountains is imperceptible to the human eye. After all, these processes take millions of years.
• In ancient times, mountains were considered the home of the gods. Therefore, it was strictly forbidden to even approach the sacred mountains.
• Most high peaks in the world it is Everest, Mont Blanc and Elbrus.

We hope that grade 4 was able to use the message about the mountains in preparation for the lesson. And you can leave a short story about the mountains through the comment form below.

Our planet Earth was once a hot ball that gave off its heat to interplanetary space and gradually cooled. The composition of the Earth included various chemical elements, and as it cooled, the heavier ones sank down. Lighter elements floated to the surface, they first of all underwent cooling, solidified faster. As a result of this process, three main shells of the Earth were formed: a frozen shell of granites and basalts; the ore shell of light metals and, finally, the core of the Earth, formed by heavy metals. The Earth's crust did not form immediately. During solidification, violent processes took place, whole seas of molten mass broke through the solidifying crust. This mass subsequently also solidified, the resulting depressions were filled with water, and continents and oceans arose.

The earth continued to cool. Its inner part decreased in volume, and the outer stone shell fell and wrinkled under the action of gravity. On earth's surface large wrinkles formed. These folds, sometimes reaching enormous heights, are mountain ranges of folded origin. During this formation of folds, the earth's crust cracked, and in some places molten masses again erupted. Huge cones of ejected materials piled up in such places, mountains of volcanic origin formed.

Mountain-building processes did not occur everywhere and not always with the same intensity and at the same time. Mountains have their age. The youngest mountain ranges are the Alps, the Caucasus and the Himalayas. The Urals arose earlier than these mountains, and the Donetsk ridge is even more ancient.

And today the earth's crust is not at rest. Some parts of it slowly rise, others fall.

Along with mountain building processes, processes of destruction of mountains have taken place and are taking place. Destructive factors are: wind, temperature changes and water.

The study of the outer shell of the Earth has shown that its constituent rocks can be divided into three main groups: sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, metamorphic (altered) rocks.

The products of destruction of rocks dumped into the sea and the remains of organisms of marine animals have been deposited on the bottom of the oceans and seas for many thousands of years, forming thick layers of sediments. Due to the movement of the earth's crust, these layers rise from the depths of the sea, sediments are compacted, and sedimentary rocks are formed. The main characteristic of sedimentary rocks is their layering and homogeneity; all sedimentary rocks are relatively weakly durable. Examples of such sedimentary rocks are sandstones, limestones, pebbles and clays.

Igneous rocks were formed during the solidification of the molten mass. These are very strong, monolithic rocks, in which there are no signs of layering. These include granites, porphyries and basalts.

Metamorphic or altered rocks are formed when sedimentary rocks change under the influence of high pressure and high temperature. From this group it is possible to name: shales (modified clays), marbles (modified limestones). They still show signs of layering. Their strength is less than the strength of igneous rocks. Many of these rocks are very easy to stratify.

The processes of mountain building and destruction create the relief of mountains. In any mountain range or in a separate mountain we distinguish: foot, slope, ridge and top. Sometimes several ridges converge at the top. The part of the ridge enclosed between two peaks is called the saddle; if a path goes through a saddle, or even passes a path from one slope to another, such a saddle is called a pass.

Ridges are very often used as a way to climb to the top, as they are the safest from avalanches and rockfalls. The steep slope of a mountain is called a wall. Separate rock towers blocking the path along the ridge are called gendarmes.

On the slopes of the mountains, there can be various depths of excavations and troughs. Wide recesses are called couloirs and are often filled with snow or small glaciers. Narrow corridors are called chutes. A wide vertical crack in a rocky or icy slope is called a fireplace. A narrow sloping or vertical crack is called a fissure. Entire “rivers” sometimes flow from the slopes of mountains and from wide couloirs from large and small fragments of rocks that break off from the slopes of the mountains; these stone rivers are called scree.

Mountain ranges are separated from each other by gorges or valleys. If there were glaciers in these valleys, the bottom of the valleys is relatively flat, the valleys are filled with moraines - high ridges of large and small fragments cemented with sand or clay.

Map

A map is a distorted image on paper of the entire earth's surface or part of it. The distortion occurs due to the fact that a spherical convex surface, the model of which is the surface of the Earth, cannot be deployed on a plane without breaking, as, for example, the surface of a ball cannot be stretched on a plane without tearing it. The exception is when the map depicts a very small part of the earth's surface, which we can consider almost flat.

Maps differ in their content and scale. The content of the map can be: economic, physical, topographic, marine and special. The map scale is a ratio that indicates how many units of length on the earth's surface correspond to a unit of length on the map. For example, a scale of 1:100,000 indicates that 1 cm of the map corresponds to 1 km on the earth's surface. According to the accepted scales, maps (1: 500,000, 1: 250,000, 1: 100,000, 1: 50,000) and plans (1: 25,000, 1: 20,000, 1: 15,000 and 1: 10,000) are distinguished.

A topographic map also gives us an idea of ​​the terrain, which is conventionally represented by hillshade or contour lines. In the first case, places with different heights are painted in different shades of green and brown. A more convenient way is contour lines, which make it possible to accurately determine the angle of inclination of the earth's surface. Contours are the projection onto a plane of lines connecting points that have the same height above sea level.

In order to distinguish a depression from a peak on a map, conditional dashes are used - berghstrih, which indicate the direction of the slope. Each horizontal is assigned its relative or absolute mark (height above sea level). This makes it possible to understand the relief even without berghstries. Knowing the distance between two horizontals and the excess of one of them over the other, it is possible to graphically determine the angle of inclination of the surface.

Using the map, we can judge the terrain, we can determine our location and choose the right path. To do this, you need to orient the map to the cardinal points and determine the direction to the peaks of interest to us or another goal of the path. Orientation to the cardinal points is made with the help of a compass. As you know, the magnetic needle is located approximately in the plane of the meridian, pointing one end to the north, the other to the south. When the arrow stops, you need to rotate the map so that the northern part of the map coincides with the northern end of the magnetic needle. (Typically, on a map, north is up, south is down, east is to the right, and west is to the left.) Any direction on a map or on the earth's surface is determined by an azimuth. This is the name of the angle between any direction and the northern end of the meridian; this angle is counted clockwise, varying from 0 to 360 °.

On the map, the azimuth is determined by counting the angle from the applied grid of coordinates, and on the ground by the compass. How can you now determine your location on the map? To do this, you need to see at least two peaks known to you, which are also plotted on the map. By determining the direction to these peaks, you can calculate the azimuths from these peaks to you. By plotting these azimuths with a pencil on the map, you will find your place at the intersection of the two drawn directions. If you need to put some vertex on the map, for this you need to solve the problem, the reverse of the one outlined above. To do this, you need to observe the peak from two points, postponing the azimuths determined from the two points from the corresponding peaks on the map, at the intersection point you will get the desired peak. In the same way, you can determine the distance to a point that is inaccessible for any reason. Knowing how to solve the two tasks described, it is easy to draw up a rough sketch (crooks) of the area.

A climber needs to be able to use a compass and a map in fog. Often he has to go in such conditions when the goal of the path is closed and he has to navigate by compass. We have already said above that one point does not determine the direction in space, therefore, when moving in fog, a group of climbers should line up along a given course and pass the compass to the latter. The last one, observing the entire chain by compass, will ensure progress in a given direction. The compass should be used in the same way at night.

Brief information on meteorology

Due to the fact that the Earth's axis of rotation is not perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the Earth around the Sun, average height The sun above the horizon is not the same for different points on the globe. For example, in the polar regions, the Sun makes its visible path relatively low above the horizon compared to regions near the equator. The amount of heat coming from the Sun, the greater, the higher the Sun is. Therefore, the polar regions receive less heat per year than the equatorial regions. The sun's rays, penetrating through the atmosphere, almost do not heat it, but strongly heat the surface of the Earth. As a result, the heating of the atmosphere comes from below. As shown by numerous observations, the temperature decreases with height by about 5-6 ° per 1 km. At a certain height above sea level, conditions are created that the heat that comes during the summer is not enough to melt the snow that has fallen during the winter. As a result of this, snow masses accumulate, forming a strip of eternal snow. The height at which the heat balance is zero is called the snow line. The closer the mountainous region is to the pole, the lower the snow line lies.

The climate in any locality is determined by the totality of the weather during the year; in turn, the weather is determined by a combination of such meteorological elements as cloudiness, wind, rain, snow, hail, snowstorm, thunderstorm.

Air masses of different temperature and humidity move above the earth's surface. At the junctions of these masses, all meteorological elements are especially strongly developed. This division of air masses is called a meteorological front. A front always brings with it a change in the weather.

In order to roughly say what weather should be expected in the coming days, it must be borne in mind that any intensive movement in the atmosphere indicates the instability of a given mass of air, which, therefore, must wait for a change in these masses, the arrival of a front, and with it, changes weather.

When determining the nature of the phenomena that occur, it is very important to establish whether these phenomena are local, indicating the stability of the weather, or whether they are of a general nature and are associated with the general movement of air masses. In essence, all signs of the weather are indicators of local or general processes.

If in mountainous areas there is a mountain breeze, in the morning and in the evening a light wind blows from the mountains to the valleys, and in the afternoon it blows from the valleys to the mountains - this is a sign of stable weather. Steady weather is also indicated by the appearance of fog in the evenings in the valleys and dew. In a stable air mass with a clear sky, the atmosphere cools from below due to night radiation from the earth's surface, and the temperature begins to rise with height in some cases. You can notice this sign and thereby determine stable weather by climbing the slopes and directly observing changes in temperature. The same temperature distribution is indicated by the appearance of haze in the evenings in the gorges, as well as cumulus clouds floating at the same height during the day with slightly smoothed tops.

Any advance of the front indicates a change and worsening of the weather. A gradual decrease in atmospheric pressure is a sign of an approaching front, bringing with it clouds, precipitation and increased wind. The approach of high clouds is also a sign of approaching bad weather. At night, the approach of the front can be determined by the crown around the moon. In the mountains, the approach of bad weather is often determined by the appearance of standing clouds over the peaks.

Any strong movement in the high layers of the atmosphere indicates the instability of the air mass. These winds in the high layers can be identified by the appearance of cumulus clouds (lambs), and at night - by the increased twinkling of stars. Powerful cumulus pillar clouds with blurry tops, as a rule, portend a thunderstorm.

Glaciers

We have already said that above the snow line there is a continuous accumulation of snow. At the same time, the peaks are unloaded from snow and ice. This unloading is produced by falling avalanches and glacial runoff.

Avalanches and snow falls from ridges and peaks usually accumulate in cirques and depressions surrounded by a series of ridges. These cirques are the origins of glaciers. The snow accumulating in cirques gradually turns under the influence of meteorological factors and under the influence of its own gravity into fir-granular dense snow. Further compaction leads to the formation of firn ice, which consists of individual crystals. Separate crystals are soldered together, forming a continuous glacial ice, already devoid of signs of crystals. Under the pressure of snow masses, ice flows into the gorges, forming a glacial river. The speed of the glacier movement depends on the amount of snow and ice in the circus and ranges from 25 mm to 1.25 m per hour. Going down the gorge, the glacier destroys the rocks, smoothes the bottom of the gorge, carries with it stones falling on it from the ridges and from the surrounding peaks. The glacier carries all the destruction products down and, having reached the melting zone, deposits them in the form of lateral and terminal moraines.

Irregularities in the bed along which the glacier moves cause the glacial mass to crack. In those places where the glacial mass flows through the ridges running across the bed, cracks are formed, expanding upward, and above the depressions expanding downward. These cracks are located across the flow of the glacier and are called transverse. If the glacier flows into a wider part of its bed, longitudinal cracks form in these places due to the spreading of the ice mass. The different speed of ice movement in the middle of the current and near the banks of the moraines is the cause of the appearance of edge cracks directed at an angle to the banks. In the mountains, the climber has to overcome two more types of cracks: bergschrunds and weltklufts. The Bergschrund is a large fissure separating the actual flowing glacier from its cirque. Rantklufts are formed near the shores of the glacier due to different heating of the coastal rocks and the ice itself by the sun's rays. In those places where the slope of the glacier is especially steep, the ice masses, bursting, pile up in blocks and form ice falls.

The upper part of the glacier, above the snow line, is usually covered with snow. Snow sweeps up cracks, forming snow bridges under them. Below the snow line, the glacier becomes bare, and numerous streams flow along it. These streams then gather into one stream and, flowing out of a grotto, usually located at the tongue (end) of the glacier, form a mountain river. Glaciers are divided into three main groups: valley, hanging and transitional, having a gap in their course.

Guys! Today we will learn about another object that can be found in nature.

Solve the riddle.

She's tall, cool

There is snow at the top

Like a fur hat

And the eagle is circling over it. (Mountain.)

♦ Have you seen mountains?

Mountains are large areas of the earth's surface, elevated high above the adjacent plains. They make an impression on people that will last a lifetime. Each peak is unique, each turn of the gorge seems interesting and attracts. I want to climb the mountains higher and higher, to where snow sparkles on the peaks, glaciers shimmer in the sun, the air is crystal clear and transparent, and from there, from a bird's eye view, look at the world around us.

Mountains rarely stand alone, more often they go in a row one after another, forming ridges. Between them lie mountain valleys, where people settle. On the globe, mountains occupy about 40% of the land.

Listen to the poem.

mountain ranges

Mountains lined up

Like heroes, they stand.

They have helmets of ice,

Mountains are powerful, gray-haired

The secret of eternity is kept.

Squall winds are fierce,

Snow avalanches come down

Still the daredevils storm

Inaccessible peaks!

As correctly noted in the poem, climbers conquer the highest peaks of mountains.

♦ What helps them do this?

First of all, the eternal desire of a person for new, vivid impressions, courage, appropriate equipment and endless training!

Beginners usually start to conquer Mountain peaks under the guidance of an experienced instructor and choose low peaks, with well-known routes.

♦ Would you like to become climbers? Why?

The most mountainous continent is Eurasia. Here are highest mountains- Himalayas, Pamir, Tien Shan. By the way, Tien Shan means "heavenly mountains" in Chinese.

The mountains are different in appearance. There are young mountains and there are old ones. The old mountains have rounded peaks, gentle slopes overgrown with greenery; in young ones, the peaks are sharp, rocky, steep, the slopes are steep. The peaks are covered with snow and ice.

An example of young mountains is the Alps, the Caucasus, the Pamirs, the Himalayas. On the slopes of the mountains you can see giant boulders. Under the influence of wind, water, temperature difference - day and night - the rocks are destroyed, weathered. The weathering of rocks is very slow - millions of years. As a result of destruction, the upper layer of the mountain is crushed and gradually becomes the basis for the formation of soil and the appearance of plants.

Scientists have established that the modern Donbass, now representing a rocky plain, more than 300 million years ago was a mountainous country with peaks reaching five kilometers!

People live at the foot of mountains or in valleys between mountain ranges. The proximity of the majestic mountains, the cleanest air and melt water of mountain rivers and streams, the wonderful beauty of green mountainous meadows gives their life a special meaning! The mountains are silent and solemn, as if they are thinking their age-old mysterious thought. There is no rush, no fuss. Life flows smoothly and calmly, in harmony with nature.

Perhaps that is why centenarians most often live in mountainous areas. They are wise and calm, as the mountains themselves are wise.

Listen to the poem.

How wise nature is silent!

In silence the fields ripen in the sun.

Forest black lakes are silent,

The mountains are silent, embraced by a deep thought.

But in the silence of age-old nature

Everything is permeated with living thought.

Answer the questions

1. What are mountains?

2. What do they look like?

3. What is a mountain range?

4. Where are the mountain valleys located?

5. Do people live in the mountains? Where do they build their houses?

6. What is the most mountainous continent on Earth?

7. Which mountains are called young and which are old? What is the difference?

8. Name the highest mountains in the world.

9. Why do mountains weather?

10. What does it lead to?

The Ural mountains stretch for 2000 km from north to south, dividing our country into 2 parts: European and Asian. They start at the Arctic Ocean, cross Russia and end in Kazakhstan. This is clearly visible on the map. The highest mountain Narodnaya in the Urals. It is located in the north, its height is 1894 meters. The width of the mountains along the entire length varies from 40 to 150 km.

The ancient Greeks knew about the existence of the Ural Mountains. They believed that it was behind the mountains that the legendary country of Hyperborea was located.

Geology of the Urals

The Ural Mountains were not always so low. Their formation began about 350 million years ago. During their youth, the mountains reached a height of about 6000 meters. There was a time when there volcanoes were active, there were strong earthquakes, magma poured out, new rocks were formed, future mineral deposits were laid. Hundreds of millions of years have passed since then. Volcanoes have grown old, mountains have collapsed. But occasionally the Urals recalls its turbulent youth, and then. The last one happened in the fall of 2015.

Nature

For 2000 km the mountains pass several natural areas starting with the tundra in the north, continuing with the taiga in the middle and ending with the steppe in the south. Naturally, both nature and animal world everywhere different. If you can meet in the north, then marmots and ground squirrels are common in the south. When tulips are already blooming in the south, they are still seeing off the winter in the north.

Although the mountain slopes are not steep, they interfere with the winds, so the climate of the European part differs from the climate of the Asian part.

Minerals

In the bowels of the Urals is located and mined. Some of them are very rare and only found here. Among the most famous can be called:

• silver;
• copper ore;
• ornamental stones;

Everyone knows crafts and jewelry made from beautiful green Ural stone - malachite. Products from it can be seen in the St. Petersburg Hermitage. Many folk tales about the extraction of fossil wealth were processed by the storyteller Bazhov P.P.

Population

Most of the population lives in large industrial cities. By national composition it's mostly Russian. Next come Tatars, Bashkirs, Ukrainians, Kazakhs and other nationalities.

Industry

In the Ural region, the most common industries are metallurgy and mechanical engineering. Copper ore was mined here 5 thousand years ago. The modern period of development of metallurgy began under Peter I. The most famous industrial city is Chelyabinsk. If Yekaterinburg is called the capital of the Urals, then Chelyabinsk is the capital of the Southern Urals. All cities in the region have well-established rail, road and air links. A highly developed industry also has its downsides: the atmosphere in the cities of the region is very dirty.

Books have been written and feature films made about the origin and development of the industry in the Urals. During the Great Patriotic War, the Urals received enterprises from the western part of the Soviet Union. Both young and old worked here, supplying the front with ammunition. Military hospitals were established in the cities, in which wounded soldiers were treated.

The Ural Mountains still hold many unsolved mysteries that future historians, naturalists, geologists, and zoologists will be able to discover.

If this message was useful to you, I would be glad to see you